exspiro

Latin

Alternative forms

• expīrō

Etymology

From ex- +‎ spīrō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ekˈspiː.roː/, [ɛkˈs̠piːroː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ekˈspi.ro/, [ekˈspiːro]

Verb

exspīrō (present infinitive exspīrāre, perfect active exspīrāvī, supine exspīrātum); first conjugation

1. I exhale (breathe out)
2. I expire, die

Conjugation

Conjugation of exspīrō (first conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	exspīrō	exspīrās	exspīrat	exspīrāmus	exspīrātis	exspīrant
	imperfect	exspīrābam	exspīrābās	exspīrābat	exspīrābāmus	exspīrābātis	exspīrābant
	future	exspīrābō	exspīrābis	exspīrābit	exspīrābimus	exspīrābitis	exspīrābunt
	perfect	exspīrāvī	exspīrāvistī	exspīrāvit	exspīrāvimus	exspīrāvistis	exspīrāvērunt, exspīrāvēre
	pluperfect	exspīrāveram	exspīrāverās	exspīrāverat	exspīrāverāmus	exspīrāverātis	exspīrāverant
	future perfect	exspīrāverō	exspīrāveris	exspīrāverit	exspīrāverimus	exspīrāveritis	exspīrāverint
passive	present	exspīror	exspīrāris, exspīrāre	exspīrātur	exspīrāmur	exspīrāminī	exspīrantur
	imperfect	exspīrābar	exspīrābāris, exspīrābāre	exspīrābātur	exspīrābāmur	exspīrābāminī	exspīrābantur
	future	exspīrābor	exspīrāberis, exspīrābere	exspīrābitur	exspīrābimur	exspīrābiminī	exspīrābuntur
	perfect	exspīrātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	exspīrātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	exspīrātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	exspīrem	exspīrēs	exspīret	exspīrēmus	exspīrētis	exspīrent
	imperfect	exspīrārem	exspīrārēs	exspīrāret	exspīrārēmus	exspīrārētis	exspīrārent
	perfect	exspīrāverim	exspīrāverīs	exspīrāverit	exspīrāverīmus	exspīrāverītis	exspīrāverint
	pluperfect	exspīrāvissem	exspīrāvissēs	exspīrāvisset	exspīrāvissēmus	exspīrāvissētis	exspīrāvissent
passive	present	exspīrer	exspīrēris, exspīrēre	exspīrētur	exspīrēmur	exspīrēminī	exspīrentur
	imperfect	exspīrārer	exspīrārēris, exspīrārēre	exspīrārētur	exspīrārēmur	exspīrārēminī	exspīrārentur
	perfect	exspīrātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	exspīrātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	exspīrā	—	—	exspīrāte	—
	future	—	exspīrātō	exspīrātō	—	exspīrātōte	exspīrantō
passive	present	—	exspīrāre	—	—	exspīrāminī	—
	future	—	exspīrātor	exspīrātor	—	—	exspīrantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		exspīrāre	exspīrāvisse	exspīrātūrum esse	exspīrārī	exspīrātum esse	exspīrātum īrī
participles		exspīrāns	—	exspīrātūrus	—	exspīrātus	exspīrandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		exspīrandī	exspīrandō	exspīrandum	exspīrandō	exspīrātum	exspīrātū

Derived terms

• exspīrātiō
• exspīrātus

Descendants

• English: expire
• French: expirer
• Galician: esbilrar, esbirrar, espirrar, espurrar
• Italian: espirare

• Portuguese: expirar, espirrar
• Romanian: expira
• Spanish: expirar

References

• “exspiro”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “exspiro”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• exspiro in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.