fír

See also: fir, FIR, and fir-

Irish

Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

fír

1. inflection of fíor:
   1. vocative/genitive singular masculine
   2. (archaic) dative singular feminine

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Alternative forms

• fighir (superseded)

Verb

fír

1. (archaic, Munster) second-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of figh

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
fír	fhír	bhfír
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

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Old Irish

Pronunciation

Nominative singular all genders; vocative singular feminine and neuter; accusative and dative singular masculine and neuter; genitive plural all genders:

• IPA^(key): /fʲiːr/

Vocative singular masculine; genitive singular masculine and neuter; accusative and dative singular feminine; nominative plural masculine:

• IPA^(key): /fʲiːrʲ/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *wīros.

Adjective

fír

1. true

Inflection

o/ā-stem
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	fír	fír	fír
Vocative	fír
Accusative	fír	fír
Genitive	fír	fíre	fír
Dative	fír	fír	fír
Plural	Masculine	Feminine/neuter
Nominative	fír	fíra
Vocative	fíru fíra†
Accusative	fíru fíra†
Genitive	fír
Dative	fíraib
Notes	† not when substantivized

Descendants

• Irish: fíor
• Scottish Gaelic: fìor

Etymology 2

From Proto-Celtic *wīrom.

Noun

fír n

1. truth

Inflection

Neuter o-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	fírN	fírN	fírL, fíra
Vocative	fírN	fírN	fírL, fíra
Accusative	fírN	fírN	fírL, fíra
Genitive	fírL	fír	fírN
Dative	fírL	fíraib	fíraib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
fír	ḟír	fír pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “fír”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language