Tone H
|
Infinitive
|
ukufudumeza
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukufudumeza
|
ukungafudumezi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
fudumeza
|
-fudumeze
|
Plural
|
fudumezani
|
-fudumezeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyafudumeza, ngifudumeza
|
engifudumezayo, engifudumeza
|
ngifudumeza
|
angifudumezi
|
engingafudumezi
|
ngingafudumezi
|
2nd singular
|
uyafudumeza, ufudumeza
|
ofudumezayo, ofudumeza
|
ufudumeza
|
awufudumezi
|
ongafudumezi
|
ungafudumezi
|
1st plural
|
siyafudumeza, sifudumeza
|
esifudumezayo, esifudumeza
|
sifudumeza
|
asifudumezi
|
esingafudumezi
|
singafudumezi
|
2nd plural
|
niyafudumeza, nifudumeza
|
enifudumezayo, enifudumeza
|
nifudumeza
|
anifudumezi
|
eningafudumezi
|
ningafudumezi
|
Class 1
|
uyafudumeza, ufudumeza
|
ofudumezayo, ofudumeza
|
efudumeza
|
akafudumezi
|
ongafudumezi
|
engafudumezi
|
Class 2
|
bayafudumeza, bafudumeza
|
abafudumezayo, abafudumeza
|
befudumeza
|
abafudumezi
|
abangafudumezi
|
bengafudumezi
|
Class 3
|
uyafudumeza, ufudumeza
|
ofudumezayo, ofudumeza
|
ufudumeza
|
awufudumezi
|
ongafudumezi
|
ungafudumezi
|
Class 4
|
iyafudumeza, ifudumeza
|
efudumezayo, efudumeza
|
ifudumeza
|
ayifudumezi
|
engafudumezi
|
ingafudumezi
|
Class 5
|
liyafudumeza, lifudumeza
|
elifudumezayo, elifudumeza
|
lifudumeza
|
alifudumezi
|
elingafudumezi
|
lingafudumezi
|
Class 6
|
ayafudumeza, afudumeza
|
afudumezayo, afudumeza
|
efudumeza
|
awafudumezi
|
angafudumezi
|
engafudumezi
|
Class 7
|
siyafudumeza, sifudumeza
|
esifudumezayo, esifudumeza
|
sifudumeza
|
asifudumezi
|
esingafudumezi
|
singafudumezi
|
Class 8
|
ziyafudumeza, zifudumeza
|
ezifudumezayo, ezifudumeza
|
zifudumeza
|
azifudumezi
|
ezingafudumezi
|
zingafudumezi
|
Class 9
|
iyafudumeza, ifudumeza
|
efudumezayo, efudumeza
|
ifudumeza
|
ayifudumezi
|
engafudumezi
|
ingafudumezi
|
Class 10
|
ziyafudumeza, zifudumeza
|
ezifudumezayo, ezifudumeza
|
zifudumeza
|
azifudumezi
|
ezingafudumezi
|
zingafudumezi
|
Class 11
|
luyafudumeza, lufudumeza
|
olufudumezayo, olufudumeza
|
lufudumeza
|
alufudumezi
|
olungafudumezi
|
lungafudumezi
|
Class 14
|
buyafudumeza, bufudumeza
|
obufudumezayo, obufudumeza
|
bufudumeza
|
abufudumezi
|
obungafudumezi
|
bungafudumezi
|
Class 15
|
kuyafudumeza, kufudumeza
|
okufudumezayo, okufudumeza
|
kufudumeza
|
akufudumezi
|
okungafudumezi
|
kungafudumezi
|
Class 17
|
kuyafudumeza, kufudumeza
|
okufudumezayo, okufudumeza
|
kufudumeza
|
akufudumezi
|
okungafudumezi
|
kungafudumezi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngifudumezile, ngifudumezē
|
engifudumezile, engifudumezē
|
ngifudumezile, ngifudumezē
|
angifudumezanga
|
engingafudumezanga
|
ngingafudumezanga
|
2nd singular
|
ufudumezile, ufudumezē
|
ofudumezile, ofudumezē
|
ufudumezile, ufudumezē
|
awufudumezanga
|
ongafudumezanga
|
ungafudumezanga
|
1st plural
|
sifudumezile, sifudumezē
|
esifudumezile, esifudumezē
|
sifudumezile, sifudumezē
|
asifudumezanga
|
esingafudumezanga
|
singafudumezanga
|
2nd plural
|
nifudumezile, nifudumezē
|
enifudumezile, enifudumezē
|
nifudumezile, nifudumezē
|
anifudumezanga
|
eningafudumezanga
|
ningafudumezanga
|
Class 1
|
ufudumezile, ufudumezē
|
ofudumezile, ofudumezē
|
efudumezile, efudumezē
|
akafudumezanga
|
ongafudumezanga
|
engafudumezanga
|
Class 2
|
bafudumezile, bafudumezē
|
abafudumezile, abafudumezē
|
befudumezile, befudumezē
|
abafudumezanga
|
abangafudumezanga
|
bengafudumezanga
|
Class 3
|
ufudumezile, ufudumezē
|
ofudumezile, ofudumezē
|
ufudumezile, ufudumezē
|
awufudumezanga
|
ongafudumezanga
|
ungafudumezanga
|
Class 4
|
ifudumezile, ifudumezē
|
efudumezile, efudumezē
|
ifudumezile, ifudumezē
|
ayifudumezanga
|
engafudumezanga
|
ingafudumezanga
|
Class 5
|
lifudumezile, lifudumezē
|
elifudumezile, elifudumezē
|
lifudumezile, lifudumezē
|
alifudumezanga
|
elingafudumezanga
|
lingafudumezanga
|
Class 6
|
afudumezile, afudumezē
|
afudumezile, afudumezē
|
efudumezile, efudumezē
|
awafudumezanga
|
angafudumezanga
|
engafudumezanga
|
Class 7
|
sifudumezile, sifudumezē
|
esifudumezile, esifudumezē
|
sifudumezile, sifudumezē
|
asifudumezanga
|
esingafudumezanga
|
singafudumezanga
|
Class 8
|
zifudumezile, zifudumezē
|
ezifudumezile, ezifudumezē
|
zifudumezile, zifudumezē
|
azifudumezanga
|
ezingafudumezanga
|
zingafudumezanga
|
Class 9
|
ifudumezile, ifudumezē
|
efudumezile, efudumezē
|
ifudumezile, ifudumezē
|
ayifudumezanga
|
engafudumezanga
|
ingafudumezanga
|
Class 10
|
zifudumezile, zifudumezē
|
ezifudumezile, ezifudumezē
|
zifudumezile, zifudumezē
|
azifudumezanga
|
ezingafudumezanga
|
zingafudumezanga
|
Class 11
|
lufudumezile, lufudumezē
|
olufudumezile, olufudumezē
|
lufudumezile, lufudumezē
|
alufudumezanga
|
olungafudumezanga
|
lungafudumezanga
|
Class 14
|
bufudumezile, bufudumezē
|
obufudumezile, obufudumezē
|
bufudumezile, bufudumezē
|
abufudumezanga
|
obungafudumezanga
|
bungafudumezanga
|
Class 15
|
kufudumezile, kufudumezē
|
okufudumezile, okufudumezē
|
kufudumezile, kufudumezē
|
akufudumezanga
|
okungafudumezanga
|
kungafudumezanga
|
Class 17
|
kufudumezile, kufudumezē
|
okufudumezile, okufudumezē
|
kufudumezile, kufudumezē
|
akufudumezanga
|
okungafudumezanga
|
kungafudumezanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāfudumeza
|
engāfudumeza
|
ngāfudumeza
|
angifudumezanga
|
engingafudumezanga
|
ngingafudumezanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāfudumeza
|
owāfudumeza
|
wāfudumeza
|
awufudumezanga
|
ongafudumezanga
|
ungafudumezanga
|
1st plural
|
sāfudumeza
|
esāfudumeza
|
sāfudumeza
|
asifudumezanga
|
esingafudumezanga
|
singafudumezanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāfudumeza
|
enāfudumeza
|
nāfudumeza
|
anifudumezanga
|
eningafudumezanga
|
ningafudumezanga
|
Class 1
|
wāfudumeza
|
owāfudumeza
|
āfudumeza
|
akafudumezanga
|
ongafudumezanga
|
engafudumezanga
|
Class 2
|
bāfudumeza
|
abāfudumeza
|
bāfudumeza
|
abafudumezanga
|
abangafudumezanga
|
bengafudumezanga
|
Class 3
|
wāfudumeza
|
owāfudumeza
|
wāfudumeza
|
awufudumezanga
|
ongafudumezanga
|
ungafudumezanga
|
Class 4
|
yāfudumeza
|
eyāfudumeza
|
yāfudumeza
|
ayifudumezanga
|
engafudumezanga
|
ingafudumezanga
|
Class 5
|
lāfudumeza
|
elāfudumeza
|
lāfudumeza
|
alifudumezanga
|
elingafudumezanga
|
lingafudumezanga
|
Class 6
|
āfudumeza
|
āfudumeza
|
āfudumeza
|
awafudumezanga
|
angafudumezanga
|
engafudumezanga
|
Class 7
|
sāfudumeza
|
esāfudumeza
|
sāfudumeza
|
asifudumezanga
|
esingafudumezanga
|
singafudumezanga
|
Class 8
|
zāfudumeza
|
ezāfudumeza
|
zāfudumeza
|
azifudumezanga
|
ezingafudumezanga
|
zingafudumezanga
|
Class 9
|
yāfudumeza
|
eyāfudumeza
|
yāfudumeza
|
ayifudumezanga
|
engafudumezanga
|
ingafudumezanga
|
Class 10
|
zāfudumeza
|
ezāfudumeza
|
zāfudumeza
|
azifudumezanga
|
ezingafudumezanga
|
zingafudumezanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāfudumeza
|
olwāfudumeza
|
lwāfudumeza
|
alufudumezanga
|
olungafudumezanga
|
lungafudumezanga
|
Class 14
|
bāfudumeza
|
obāfudumeza
|
bāfudumeza
|
abufudumezanga
|
obungafudumezanga
|
bungafudumezanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāfudumeza
|
okwāfudumeza
|
kwāfudumeza
|
akufudumezanga
|
okungafudumezanga
|
kungafudumezanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāfudumeza
|
okwāfudumeza
|
kwāfudumeza
|
akufudumezanga
|
okungafudumezanga
|
kungafudumezanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingafudumeza
|
—
|
ngingafudumeza
|
ngingefudumeze
|
—
|
ngingefudumeze
|
2nd singular
|
ungafudumeza
|
—
|
ungafudumeza
|
ungefudumeze
|
—
|
ungefudumeze
|
1st plural
|
singafudumeza
|
—
|
singafudumeza
|
singefudumeze
|
—
|
singefudumeze
|
2nd plural
|
ningafudumeza
|
—
|
ningafudumeza
|
ningefudumeze
|
—
|
ningefudumeze
|
Class 1
|
angafudumeza
|
—
|
engafudumeza
|
angefudumeze
|
—
|
engefudumeze
|
Class 2
|
bangafudumeza
|
—
|
bengafudumeza
|
bangefudumeze
|
—
|
bengefudumeze
|
Class 3
|
ungafudumeza
|
—
|
ungafudumeza
|
ungefudumeze
|
—
|
ungefudumeze
|
Class 4
|
ingafudumeza
|
—
|
ingafudumeza
|
ingefudumeze
|
—
|
ingefudumeze
|
Class 5
|
lingafudumeza
|
—
|
lingafudumeza
|
lingefudumeze
|
—
|
lingefudumeze
|
Class 6
|
angafudumeza
|
—
|
engafudumeza
|
angefudumeze
|
—
|
engefudumeze
|
Class 7
|
singafudumeza
|
—
|
singafudumeza
|
singefudumeze
|
—
|
singefudumeze
|
Class 8
|
zingafudumeza
|
—
|
zingafudumeza
|
zingefudumeze
|
—
|
zingefudumeze
|
Class 9
|
ingafudumeza
|
—
|
ingafudumeza
|
ingefudumeze
|
—
|
ingefudumeze
|
Class 10
|
zingafudumeza
|
—
|
zingafudumeza
|
zingefudumeze
|
—
|
zingefudumeze
|
Class 11
|
lungafudumeza
|
—
|
lungafudumeza
|
lungefudumeze
|
—
|
lungefudumeze
|
Class 14
|
bungafudumeza
|
—
|
bungafudumeza
|
bungefudumeze
|
—
|
bungefudumeze
|
Class 15
|
kungafudumeza
|
—
|
kungafudumeza
|
kungefudumeze
|
—
|
kungefudumeze
|
Class 17
|
kungafudumeza
|
—
|
kungafudumeza
|
kungefudumeze
|
—
|
kungefudumeze
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizofudumeza
|
engizofudumeza
|
ngizofudumeza
|
angizufudumeza
|
engingezufudumeza
|
ngingezufudumeza
|
2nd singular
|
uzofudumeza
|
ozofudumeza
|
uzofudumeza
|
awuzufudumeza
|
ongezufudumeza
|
ungezufudumeza
|
1st plural
|
sizofudumeza
|
esizofudumeza
|
sizofudumeza
|
asizufudumeza
|
esingezufudumeza
|
singezufudumeza
|
2nd plural
|
nizofudumeza
|
enizofudumeza
|
nizofudumeza
|
anizufudumeza
|
eningezufudumeza
|
ningezufudumeza
|
Class 1
|
uzofudumeza
|
ozofudumeza
|
ezofudumeza
|
akazufudumeza
|
ongezufudumeza
|
engezufudumeza
|
Class 2
|
bazofudumeza
|
abazofudumeza
|
bezofudumeza
|
abazufudumeza
|
abangezufudumeza
|
bengezufudumeza
|
Class 3
|
uzofudumeza
|
ozofudumeza
|
uzofudumeza
|
awuzufudumeza
|
ongezufudumeza
|
ungezufudumeza
|
Class 4
|
izofudumeza
|
ezofudumeza
|
izofudumeza
|
ayizufudumeza
|
engezufudumeza
|
ingezufudumeza
|
Class 5
|
lizofudumeza
|
elizofudumeza
|
lizofudumeza
|
alizufudumeza
|
elingezufudumeza
|
lingezufudumeza
|
Class 6
|
azofudumeza
|
azofudumeza
|
ezofudumeza
|
awazufudumeza
|
angezufudumeza
|
engezufudumeza
|
Class 7
|
sizofudumeza
|
esizofudumeza
|
sizofudumeza
|
asizufudumeza
|
esingezufudumeza
|
singezufudumeza
|
Class 8
|
zizofudumeza
|
ezizofudumeza
|
zizofudumeza
|
azizufudumeza
|
ezingezufudumeza
|
zingezufudumeza
|
Class 9
|
izofudumeza
|
ezofudumeza
|
izofudumeza
|
ayizufudumeza
|
engezufudumeza
|
ingezufudumeza
|
Class 10
|
zizofudumeza
|
ezizofudumeza
|
zizofudumeza
|
azizufudumeza
|
ezingezufudumeza
|
zingezufudumeza
|
Class 11
|
luzofudumeza
|
oluzofudumeza
|
luzofudumeza
|
aluzufudumeza
|
olungezufudumeza
|
lungezufudumeza
|
Class 14
|
buzofudumeza
|
obuzofudumeza
|
buzofudumeza
|
abuzufudumeza
|
obungezufudumeza
|
bungezufudumeza
|
Class 15
|
kuzofudumeza
|
okuzofudumeza
|
kuzofudumeza
|
akuzufudumeza
|
okungezufudumeza
|
kungezufudumeza
|
Class 17
|
kuzofudumeza
|
okuzofudumeza
|
kuzofudumeza
|
akuzufudumeza
|
okungezufudumeza
|
kungezufudumeza
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyofudumeza
|
engiyofudumeza
|
ngiyofudumeza
|
angiyufudumeza
|
engingeyufudumeza
|
ngingeyufudumeza
|
2nd singular
|
uyofudumeza
|
oyofudumeza
|
uyofudumeza
|
awuyufudumeza
|
ongeyufudumeza
|
ungeyufudumeza
|
1st plural
|
siyofudumeza
|
esiyofudumeza
|
siyofudumeza
|
asiyufudumeza
|
esingeyufudumeza
|
singeyufudumeza
|
2nd plural
|
niyofudumeza
|
eniyofudumeza
|
niyofudumeza
|
aniyufudumeza
|
eningeyufudumeza
|
ningeyufudumeza
|
Class 1
|
uyofudumeza
|
oyofudumeza
|
eyofudumeza
|
akayufudumeza
|
ongeyufudumeza
|
engeyufudumeza
|
Class 2
|
bayofudumeza
|
abayofudumeza
|
beyofudumeza
|
abayufudumeza
|
abangeyufudumeza
|
bengeyufudumeza
|
Class 3
|
uyofudumeza
|
oyofudumeza
|
uyofudumeza
|
awuyufudumeza
|
ongeyufudumeza
|
ungeyufudumeza
|
Class 4
|
iyofudumeza
|
eyofudumeza
|
iyofudumeza
|
ayiyufudumeza
|
engeyufudumeza
|
ingeyufudumeza
|
Class 5
|
liyofudumeza
|
eliyofudumeza
|
liyofudumeza
|
aliyufudumeza
|
elingeyufudumeza
|
lingeyufudumeza
|
Class 6
|
ayofudumeza
|
ayofudumeza
|
eyofudumeza
|
awayufudumeza
|
angeyufudumeza
|
engeyufudumeza
|
Class 7
|
siyofudumeza
|
esiyofudumeza
|
siyofudumeza
|
asiyufudumeza
|
esingeyufudumeza
|
singeyufudumeza
|
Class 8
|
ziyofudumeza
|
eziyofudumeza
|
ziyofudumeza
|
aziyufudumeza
|
ezingeyufudumeza
|
zingeyufudumeza
|
Class 9
|
iyofudumeza
|
eyofudumeza
|
iyofudumeza
|
ayiyufudumeza
|
engeyufudumeza
|
ingeyufudumeza
|
Class 10
|
ziyofudumeza
|
eziyofudumeza
|
ziyofudumeza
|
aziyufudumeza
|
ezingeyufudumeza
|
zingeyufudumeza
|
Class 11
|
luyofudumeza
|
oluyofudumeza
|
luyofudumeza
|
aluyufudumeza
|
olungeyufudumeza
|
lungeyufudumeza
|
Class 14
|
buyofudumeza
|
obuyofudumeza
|
buyofudumeza
|
abuyufudumeza
|
obungeyufudumeza
|
bungeyufudumeza
|
Class 15
|
kuyofudumeza
|
okuyofudumeza
|
kuyofudumeza
|
akuyufudumeza
|
okungeyufudumeza
|
kungeyufudumeza
|
Class 17
|
kuyofudumeza
|
okuyofudumeza
|
kuyofudumeza
|
akuyufudumeza
|
okungeyufudumeza
|
kungeyufudumeza
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngifudumeze
|
ngingafudumezi
|
2nd singular
|
ufudumeze
|
ungafudumezi
|
1st plural
|
sifudumeze
|
singafudumezi
|
2nd plural
|
nifudumeze
|
ningafudumezi
|
Class 1
|
afudumeze
|
angafudumezi
|
Class 2
|
bafudumeze
|
bangafudumezi
|
Class 3
|
ufudumeze
|
ungafudumezi
|
Class 4
|
ifudumeze
|
ingafudumezi
|
Class 5
|
lifudumeze
|
lingafudumezi
|
Class 6
|
afudumeze
|
angafudumezi
|
Class 7
|
sifudumeze
|
singafudumezi
|
Class 8
|
zifudumeze
|
zingafudumezi
|
Class 9
|
ifudumeze
|
ingafudumezi
|
Class 10
|
zifudumeze
|
zingafudumezi
|
Class 11
|
lufudumeze
|
lungafudumezi
|
Class 14
|
bufudumeze
|
bungafudumezi
|
Class 15
|
kufudumeze
|
kungafudumezi
|
Class 17
|
kufudumeze
|
kungafudumezi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngafudumeza
|
ngangafudumeza, angafudumeza, angangafudumeza
|
2nd singular
|
wafudumeza
|
wangafudumeza, awafudumeza, awangafudumeza
|
1st plural
|
safudumeza
|
sangafudumeza, asafudumeza, asangafudumeza
|
2nd plural
|
nafudumeza
|
nangafudumeza, anafudumeza, anangafudumeza
|
Class 1
|
wafudumeza
|
wangafudumeza, akafudumeza, akangafudumeza
|
Class 2
|
bafudumeza
|
bangafudumeza, abafudumeza, abangafudumeza
|
Class 3
|
wafudumeza
|
wangafudumeza, awafudumeza, awangafudumeza
|
Class 4
|
yafudumeza
|
yangafudumeza, ayafudumeza, ayangafudumeza
|
Class 5
|
lafudumeza
|
langafudumeza, alafudumeza, alangafudumeza
|
Class 6
|
afudumeza
|
angafudumeza, awafudumeza, awangafudumeza
|
Class 7
|
safudumeza
|
sangafudumeza, asafudumeza, asangafudumeza
|
Class 8
|
zafudumeza
|
zangafudumeza, azafudumeza, azangafudumeza
|
Class 9
|
yafudumeza
|
yangafudumeza, ayafudumeza, ayangafudumeza
|
Class 10
|
zafudumeza
|
zangafudumeza, azafudumeza, azangafudumeza
|
Class 11
|
lwafudumeza
|
lwangafudumeza, alwafudumeza, alwangafudumeza
|
Class 14
|
bafudumeza
|
bangafudumeza, abafudumeza, abangafudumeza
|
Class 15
|
kwafudumeza
|
kwangafudumeza, akwafudumeza, akwangafudumeza
|
Class 17
|
kwafudumeza
|
kwangafudumeza, akwafudumeza, akwangafudumeza
|