gním

Old Irish

FWOTD – 20 June 2020

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *gnīmus (compare Welsh gnif, Breton niñv), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡʲnʲiːβ̃/

Noun

gním m (genitive gnímo, nominative plural gnímae or gnímai)

1. verbal noun of gníid: doing, making
2. act, action, deed
3. work
4. (grammar) active voice, activeness

For quotations using this term, see Citations:gním.

Declension

Masculine u-stem

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	gním	gnímL	gnímaeH, gnímaH
vocative	gním	gnímL	gnímu
accusative	gnímN	gnímL	gnímu
genitive	gnímoH, gnímaH	gnímoL, gnímaL	gnímaeN
dative	gnímL	gnímaib	gnímaib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

• ^H = triggers aspiration
• ^L = triggers lenition
• ^N = triggers nasalization

Synonyms

• (doing, making): dénum
• (act, action, deed): bann, bert, glond, icht
• (work): fognam, lubair, monar, opar, othar, saíthar

Antonyms

• (active voice, activeness): céssad

Derived terms

• aurgnam
• caíngním
• cungnam
• dénum
• fognam
• frithgnam
• imfognam
• tognam

Descendants

• Middle Irish: gním
  • Irish: gníomh
    • → English: gneeve
  • Scottish Gaelic: gnìomh

Mutation

Mutation of gním

radical	lenition	nasalization
gním	gním pronounced with /ɣʲ-/	ngním

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 gním”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language