ironia

See also: Ironia, irónia, ironía, and írónía

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin ironia, from Ancient Greek εἰρωνεία (eirōneía).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central) [i.ɾuˈni.ə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia, Northwestern) [i.ɾoˈni.a]

• Audio (Catalonia):

  (file)

Noun

ironia f (plural ironies)

1. irony

Derived terms

• irònic
• ironitzar

Further reading

• “ironia”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

Esperanto

Etymology

Etymology tree

Ancient Greek εἴρων (eírōn)

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂

Proto-Hellenic *-íā

Ancient Greek -ία (-ía)

Ancient Greek -είᾱ (-eíā)

Ancient Greek εἰρωνεία (eirōneía)der.

Latin īrōnīader.

Old French

Middle French ironieder.

English ironybor.

French ironiebor.

Italian ironiabor.

▲

Latin īrōnialbor.

Polish ironiabor.

German Ironiebor.

Russian иро́ния (irónija)bor.

Esperanto ironio

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂

Proto-Italic *-ā

Latin -ader.

▲

Latin -a

Italian -ader.

▲

Latin -a

Old Spanish -a

Spanish -ader.

Esperanto -a

Esperanto ironia

From ironio (“irony”) + -a.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iroˈnia/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ia
• Syllabification: i‧ro‧ni‧a

Adjective

ironia (accusative singular ironian, plural ironiaj, accusative plural ironiajn)

1. ironic

Related terms

• ironie (“ironically”)
• ironii (“to use irony”)

Further reading

• “ironia”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN
• “ironia”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-2026

Finnish

Etymology

Internationalism (see English irony), ultimately from Latin īrōnīa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈironiɑ/, [ˈiro̞ˌniɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -iɑ
• Syllabification^(key): i‧ro‧ni‧a
• Hyphenation^(key): iro‧nia

Noun

ironia

1. irony

Declension

Inflection of ironia (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)
nominative		ironia	ironiat
genitive		ironian	ironioiden ironioitten
partitive		ironiaa	ironioita
illative		ironiaan	ironioihin
		singular	plural
nominative		ironia	ironiat
accusative	nom.	ironia	ironiat
	gen.	ironian
genitive		ironian	ironioiden ironioitten ironiain rare
partitive		ironiaa	ironioita
inessive		ironiassa	ironioissa
elative		ironiasta	ironioista
illative		ironiaan	ironioihin
adessive		ironialla	ironioilla
ablative		ironialta	ironioilta
allative		ironialle	ironioille
essive		ironiana	ironioina
translative		ironiaksi	ironioiksi
abessive		ironiatta	ironioitta
instructive		—	ironioin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of ironia (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative ironiani ironiani accusative nom. ironiani ironiani gen. ironiani genitive ironiani ironioideni ironioitteni ironiaini rare partitive ironiaani ironioitani inessive ironiassani ironioissani elative ironiastani ironioistani illative ironiaani ironioihini adessive ironiallani ironioillani ablative ironialtani ironioiltani allative ironialleni ironioilleni essive ironianani ironioinani translative ironiakseni ironioikseni abessive ironiattani ironioittani instructive — — comitative — ironioineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative ironiasi ironiasi accusative nom. ironiasi ironiasi gen. ironiasi genitive ironiasi ironioidesi ironioittesi ironiaisi rare partitive ironiaasi ironioitasi inessive ironiassasi ironioissasi elative ironiastasi ironioistasi illative ironiaasi ironioihisi adessive ironiallasi ironioillasi ablative ironialtasi ironioiltasi allative ironiallesi ironioillesi essive ironianasi ironioinasi translative ironiaksesi ironioiksesi abessive ironiattasi ironioittasi instructive — — comitative — ironioinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative ironiamme ironiamme accusative nom. ironiamme ironiamme gen. ironiamme genitive ironiamme ironioidemme ironioittemme ironiaimme rare partitive ironiaamme ironioitamme inessive ironiassamme ironioissamme elative ironiastamme ironioistamme illative ironiaamme ironioihimme adessive ironiallamme ironioillamme ablative ironialtamme ironioiltamme allative ironiallemme ironioillemme essive ironianamme ironioinamme translative ironiaksemme ironioiksemme abessive ironiattamme ironioittamme instructive — — comitative — ironioinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative ironianne ironianne accusative nom. ironianne ironianne gen. ironianne genitive ironianne ironioidenne ironioittenne ironiainne rare partitive ironiaanne ironioitanne inessive ironiassanne ironioissanne elative ironiastanne ironioistanne illative ironiaanne ironioihinne adessive ironiallanne ironioillanne ablative ironialtanne ironioiltanne allative ironiallenne ironioillenne essive ironiananne ironioinanne translative ironiaksenne ironioiksenne abessive ironiattanne ironioittanne instructive — — comitative — ironioinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative ironiansa ironiansa accusative nom. ironiansa ironiansa gen. ironiansa genitive ironiansa ironioidensa ironioittensa ironiainsa rare partitive ironiaansa ironioitaan ironioitansa inessive ironiassaan ironiassansa ironioissaan ironioissansa elative ironiastaan ironiastansa ironioistaan ironioistansa illative ironiaansa ironioihinsa adessive ironiallaan ironiallansa ironioillaan ironioillansa ablative ironialtaan ironialtansa ironioiltaan ironioiltansa allative ironialleen ironiallensa ironioilleen ironioillensa essive ironianaan ironianansa ironioinaan ironioinansa translative ironiakseen ironiaksensa ironioikseen ironioiksensa abessive ironiattaan ironiattansa ironioittaan ironioittansa instructive — — comitative — ironioineen ironioinensa

Derived terms

compounds

• itseironia

Further reading

• “ironia”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023

Anagrams

• oriina

Interlingua

Noun

ironia (plural ironias)

1. irony

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin ironia, from Ancient Greek εἰρωνεία (eirōneía).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i.roˈni.a/
• Rhymes: -ia
• Hyphenation: i‧ro‧nì‧a

Noun

ironia f (plural ironie)

1. irony

Derived terms

• ironico
• ironizzare

Anagrams

• Oriani, aironi, orinai

Latin

Alternative forms

• hyronia (Medieval Latin)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Ancient Greek εἴρων (eírōn)

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂

Proto-Hellenic *-íā

Ancient Greek -ία (-ía)

Ancient Greek -είᾱ (-eíā)

Ancient Greek εἰρωνεία (eirōneía)der.

Latin īrōnīa

Derived from Ancient Greek εἰρωνεία (eirōneía).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [iː.roːˈniː.a]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [i.roˈniː.a]

Noun

īrōnīa f (genitive īrōnīae); first declension

1. irony

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	īrōnīa	īrōnīae
genitive	īrōnīae	īrōnīārum
dative	īrōnīae	īrōnīīs
accusative	īrōnīam	īrōnīās
ablative	īrōnīā	īrōnīīs
vocative	īrōnīa	īrōnīae

Descendants

• French: ironie
• Italian: ironia
• Portuguese: ironia
• Romanian: ironie
• Sicilian: irunìa
• Spanish: ironía
• → English: irony
• → Old Irish: íróin, híróin
  • Irish: íoróin
  • ⇒ Scottish Gaelic: ìoranas, ìorantas
• → Russian: иро́ния (irónija)

References

• “ironia”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ironia”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Occitan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin ironia, from Ancient Greek εἰρωνεία (eirōneía).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Béarn):

  (file)

Noun

ironia f (uncountable)

1. irony

Polish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Ancient Greek εἴρων (eírōn)

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂

Proto-Hellenic *-íā

Ancient Greek -ία (-ía)

Ancient Greek -είᾱ (-eíā)

Ancient Greek εἰρωνεία (eirōneía)der.

Latin īrōnialbor.

Polish ironia

Learned borrowing from Latin īrōnia, from Ancient Greek εἰρωνεία (eirōneía).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iˈrɔɲ.ja/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔɲja
• Syllabification: i‧ron‧ia

Noun

ironia f (diminutive ironijka)

1. irony

   Antonym: dosłowność

   • 2004 January 3, Zbigniew Bauer, “Sen jest życiem”, in Gazeta Krakowska (journalism), Kraków: "Polskapresse". Oddział "Prasa Krakowska":

     I następnie "sprzedają" tę wojnę mediom tak, jakby była ona najprawdziwsza. Gdzie są granice oszustwa, skoro w strumieniu informacji płynących z "frontów" i frontów nie ma miejsca na żadne przymrużenie oka, żadne ironie czy kpinki.

     And then they "sell" this war to the media like it was real. Where's the limit of fraud, since in the stream of information from the "fronts", and the fronts don't have anywhere for you to squint your eyes, no irony, or jokes.

Declension

Declension of ironia

	singular	plural
nominative	ironia	ironie
genitive	ironii	ironii/ironij (archaic)
dative	ironii	ironiom
accusative	ironię	ironie
instrumental	ironią	ironiami
locative	ironii	ironiach
vocative	ironio	ironie

Derived terms

• autoironia
• ironicznie
• ironiczny
• ironista
• ironistka
• ironizować
• ironizowanie

Further reading

• “ironia”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎^[2] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• “ironia”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[3] (in Polish)

Portuguese

Etymology

Etymology tree

Ancient Greek εἴρων (eírōn)

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂

Proto-Hellenic *-íā

Ancient Greek -ία (-ía)

Ancient Greek -είᾱ (-eíā)

Ancient Greek εἰρωνεία (eirōneía)der.

Latin ironialbor.

Portuguese ironia

Learned borrowing from Latin ironia, from Ancient Greek εἰρωνεία (eirōneía).

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /i.ɾoˈni.ɐ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /i.ɾuˈni.ɐ/

• Hyphenation: i‧ro‧ni‧a

Noun

ironia f (plural ironias)

1. irony

Further reading

• “ironia”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i.roˈni.ja/

Noun

ironia f

1. definite nominative/accusative singular of ironie