jꜣkb

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /iɑkɛb/
  • Conventional anglicization: iakeb

Verb

 4-lit.

1. (intransitive) to mourn
2. (intransitive) to wail, to lament (+ n or ḥr: over, because of)

Inflection

Conjugation of jꜣkb (quadriliteral / 4-lit. / 4rad.) — base stem: jꜣkb

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
jꜣkb	jꜣkbw, jꜣkb	jꜣkbt	jꜣkb	jꜣkb

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
jꜣkb	ḥr jꜣkb	m jꜣkb	r jꜣkb

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	jꜣkb.n	consecutive	jꜣkb.jn
terminative	jꜣkbt
perfective3	jꜣkb	obligative1	jꜣkb.ḫr
imperfective	jꜣkb
prospective3	jꜣkbw, jꜣkb	potentialis1	jꜣkb.kꜣ
subjunctive	jꜣkb

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	jꜣkb.n	—	—
perfective	jꜣkb	jꜣkb	jꜣkb, jꜣkbw5, jꜣkby5
imperfective	jꜣkb, jꜣkby, jꜣkbw5	jꜣkb, jꜣkbj6, jꜣkby6	jꜣkb, jꜣkbw5
prospective	jꜣkb, jꜣkbtj7	jꜣkbwtj1 4, jꜣkbtj4, jꜣkbt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jꜣkb  

jkb

Derived terms

• jꜣkby
• jꜣkbyt

Descendants

• Akhmimic Coptic: ⲱⲕⲙⲉ (ōkme)
• Bohairic Coptic: ⲱⲕⲉⲙ (ōkem)
• Sahidic Coptic: ⲱⲕⲙ̄ (ōkm̄)

Noun

 m

1. mourning
2. lament, wail

Inflection

Declension of jꜣkb (masculine)

singular	jꜣkb
dual	jꜣkbwj
plural	jꜣkbw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jꜣkb  

jkb

References

• “jꜣkb (lemma ID 21010)” and “jꜣkb (lemma ID 21020)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎^[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 34.5–34.12
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 9
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 166.