Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Slavic *elьxa or *olьxa
Noun
jova f (Cyrillic spelling јова)
- alder
Declension
Synonyms
Swazi
Verb
-jova
- to inject
- to influence
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Verb
-jova
- (transitive) to innoculate, to vaccinate, to inject
Inflection
Tone L
|
Infinitive
|
ukujova
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukujova
|
ukungajovi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
jova
|
-jove
|
Plural
|
jovani
|
-joveni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyajova, ngijova
|
engijovayo, engijova
|
ngijova
|
angijovi
|
engingajovi
|
ngingajovi
|
2nd singular
|
uyajova, ujova
|
ojovayo, ojova
|
ujova
|
awujovi
|
ongajovi
|
ungajovi
|
1st plural
|
siyajova, sijova
|
esijovayo, esijova
|
sijova
|
asijovi
|
esingajovi
|
singajovi
|
2nd plural
|
niyajova, nijova
|
enijovayo, enijova
|
nijova
|
anijovi
|
eningajovi
|
ningajovi
|
Class 1
|
uyajova, ujova
|
ojovayo, ojova
|
ejova
|
akajovi
|
ongajovi
|
engajovi
|
Class 2
|
bayajova, bajova
|
abajovayo, abajova
|
bejova
|
abajovi
|
abangajovi
|
bengajovi
|
Class 3
|
uyajova, ujova
|
ojovayo, ojova
|
ujova
|
awujovi
|
ongajovi
|
ungajovi
|
Class 4
|
iyajova, ijova
|
ejovayo, ejova
|
ijova
|
ayijovi
|
engajovi
|
ingajovi
|
Class 5
|
liyajova, lijova
|
elijovayo, elijova
|
lijova
|
alijovi
|
elingajovi
|
lingajovi
|
Class 6
|
ayajova, ajova
|
ajovayo, ajova
|
ejova
|
awajovi
|
angajovi
|
engajovi
|
Class 7
|
siyajova, sijova
|
esijovayo, esijova
|
sijova
|
asijovi
|
esingajovi
|
singajovi
|
Class 8
|
ziyajova, zijova
|
ezijovayo, ezijova
|
zijova
|
azijovi
|
ezingajovi
|
zingajovi
|
Class 9
|
iyajova, ijova
|
ejovayo, ejova
|
ijova
|
ayijovi
|
engajovi
|
ingajovi
|
Class 10
|
ziyajova, zijova
|
ezijovayo, ezijova
|
zijova
|
azijovi
|
ezingajovi
|
zingajovi
|
Class 11
|
luyajova, lujova
|
olujovayo, olujova
|
lujova
|
alujovi
|
olungajovi
|
lungajovi
|
Class 14
|
buyajova, bujova
|
obujovayo, obujova
|
bujova
|
abujovi
|
obungajovi
|
bungajovi
|
Class 15
|
kuyajova, kujova
|
okujovayo, okujova
|
kujova
|
akujovi
|
okungajovi
|
kungajovi
|
Class 17
|
kuyajova, kujova
|
okujovayo, okujova
|
kujova
|
akujovi
|
okungajovi
|
kungajovi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngijovile, ngijovē
|
engijovile, engijovē
|
ngijovile, ngijovē
|
angijovanga
|
engingajovanga
|
ngingajovanga
|
2nd singular
|
ujovile, ujovē
|
ojovile, ojovē
|
ujovile, ujovē
|
awujovanga
|
ongajovanga
|
ungajovanga
|
1st plural
|
sijovile, sijovē
|
esijovile, esijovē
|
sijovile, sijovē
|
asijovanga
|
esingajovanga
|
singajovanga
|
2nd plural
|
nijovile, nijovē
|
enijovile, enijovē
|
nijovile, nijovē
|
anijovanga
|
eningajovanga
|
ningajovanga
|
Class 1
|
ujovile, ujovē
|
ojovile, ojovē
|
ejovile, ejovē
|
akajovanga
|
ongajovanga
|
engajovanga
|
Class 2
|
bajovile, bajovē
|
abajovile, abajovē
|
bejovile, bejovē
|
abajovanga
|
abangajovanga
|
bengajovanga
|
Class 3
|
ujovile, ujovē
|
ojovile, ojovē
|
ujovile, ujovē
|
awujovanga
|
ongajovanga
|
ungajovanga
|
Class 4
|
ijovile, ijovē
|
ejovile, ejovē
|
ijovile, ijovē
|
ayijovanga
|
engajovanga
|
ingajovanga
|
Class 5
|
lijovile, lijovē
|
elijovile, elijovē
|
lijovile, lijovē
|
alijovanga
|
elingajovanga
|
lingajovanga
|
Class 6
|
ajovile, ajovē
|
ajovile, ajovē
|
ejovile, ejovē
|
awajovanga
|
angajovanga
|
engajovanga
|
Class 7
|
sijovile, sijovē
|
esijovile, esijovē
|
sijovile, sijovē
|
asijovanga
|
esingajovanga
|
singajovanga
|
Class 8
|
zijovile, zijovē
|
ezijovile, ezijovē
|
zijovile, zijovē
|
azijovanga
|
ezingajovanga
|
zingajovanga
|
Class 9
|
ijovile, ijovē
|
ejovile, ejovē
|
ijovile, ijovē
|
ayijovanga
|
engajovanga
|
ingajovanga
|
Class 10
|
zijovile, zijovē
|
ezijovile, ezijovē
|
zijovile, zijovē
|
azijovanga
|
ezingajovanga
|
zingajovanga
|
Class 11
|
lujovile, lujovē
|
olujovile, olujovē
|
lujovile, lujovē
|
alujovanga
|
olungajovanga
|
lungajovanga
|
Class 14
|
bujovile, bujovē
|
obujovile, obujovē
|
bujovile, bujovē
|
abujovanga
|
obungajovanga
|
bungajovanga
|
Class 15
|
kujovile, kujovē
|
okujovile, okujovē
|
kujovile, kujovē
|
akujovanga
|
okungajovanga
|
kungajovanga
|
Class 17
|
kujovile, kujovē
|
okujovile, okujovē
|
kujovile, kujovē
|
akujovanga
|
okungajovanga
|
kungajovanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngājova
|
engājova
|
ngājova
|
angijovanga
|
engingajovanga
|
ngingajovanga
|
2nd singular
|
wājova
|
owājova
|
wājova
|
awujovanga
|
ongajovanga
|
ungajovanga
|
1st plural
|
sājova
|
esājova
|
sājova
|
asijovanga
|
esingajovanga
|
singajovanga
|
2nd plural
|
nājova
|
enājova
|
nājova
|
anijovanga
|
eningajovanga
|
ningajovanga
|
Class 1
|
wājova
|
owājova
|
ājova
|
akajovanga
|
ongajovanga
|
engajovanga
|
Class 2
|
bājova
|
abājova
|
bājova
|
abajovanga
|
abangajovanga
|
bengajovanga
|
Class 3
|
wājova
|
owājova
|
wājova
|
awujovanga
|
ongajovanga
|
ungajovanga
|
Class 4
|
yājova
|
eyājova
|
yājova
|
ayijovanga
|
engajovanga
|
ingajovanga
|
Class 5
|
lājova
|
elājova
|
lājova
|
alijovanga
|
elingajovanga
|
lingajovanga
|
Class 6
|
ājova
|
ājova
|
ājova
|
awajovanga
|
angajovanga
|
engajovanga
|
Class 7
|
sājova
|
esājova
|
sājova
|
asijovanga
|
esingajovanga
|
singajovanga
|
Class 8
|
zājova
|
ezājova
|
zājova
|
azijovanga
|
ezingajovanga
|
zingajovanga
|
Class 9
|
yājova
|
eyājova
|
yājova
|
ayijovanga
|
engajovanga
|
ingajovanga
|
Class 10
|
zājova
|
ezājova
|
zājova
|
azijovanga
|
ezingajovanga
|
zingajovanga
|
Class 11
|
lwājova
|
olwājova
|
lwājova
|
alujovanga
|
olungajovanga
|
lungajovanga
|
Class 14
|
bājova
|
obājova
|
bājova
|
abujovanga
|
obungajovanga
|
bungajovanga
|
Class 15
|
kwājova
|
okwājova
|
kwājova
|
akujovanga
|
okungajovanga
|
kungajovanga
|
Class 17
|
kwājova
|
okwājova
|
kwājova
|
akujovanga
|
okungajovanga
|
kungajovanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingajova
|
—
|
ngingajova
|
ngingejove
|
—
|
ngingejove
|
2nd singular
|
ungajova
|
—
|
ungajova
|
ungejove
|
—
|
ungejove
|
1st plural
|
singajova
|
—
|
singajova
|
singejove
|
—
|
singejove
|
2nd plural
|
ningajova
|
—
|
ningajova
|
ningejove
|
—
|
ningejove
|
Class 1
|
angajova
|
—
|
engajova
|
angejove
|
—
|
engejove
|
Class 2
|
bangajova
|
—
|
bengajova
|
bangejove
|
—
|
bengejove
|
Class 3
|
ungajova
|
—
|
ungajova
|
ungejove
|
—
|
ungejove
|
Class 4
|
ingajova
|
—
|
ingajova
|
ingejove
|
—
|
ingejove
|
Class 5
|
lingajova
|
—
|
lingajova
|
lingejove
|
—
|
lingejove
|
Class 6
|
angajova
|
—
|
engajova
|
angejove
|
—
|
engejove
|
Class 7
|
singajova
|
—
|
singajova
|
singejove
|
—
|
singejove
|
Class 8
|
zingajova
|
—
|
zingajova
|
zingejove
|
—
|
zingejove
|
Class 9
|
ingajova
|
—
|
ingajova
|
ingejove
|
—
|
ingejove
|
Class 10
|
zingajova
|
—
|
zingajova
|
zingejove
|
—
|
zingejove
|
Class 11
|
lungajova
|
—
|
lungajova
|
lungejove
|
—
|
lungejove
|
Class 14
|
bungajova
|
—
|
bungajova
|
bungejove
|
—
|
bungejove
|
Class 15
|
kungajova
|
—
|
kungajova
|
kungejove
|
—
|
kungejove
|
Class 17
|
kungajova
|
—
|
kungajova
|
kungejove
|
—
|
kungejove
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizojova
|
engizojova
|
ngizojova
|
angizujova
|
engingezujova
|
ngingezujova
|
2nd singular
|
uzojova
|
ozojova
|
uzojova
|
awuzujova
|
ongezujova
|
ungezujova
|
1st plural
|
sizojova
|
esizojova
|
sizojova
|
asizujova
|
esingezujova
|
singezujova
|
2nd plural
|
nizojova
|
enizojova
|
nizojova
|
anizujova
|
eningezujova
|
ningezujova
|
Class 1
|
uzojova
|
ozojova
|
ezojova
|
akazujova
|
ongezujova
|
engezujova
|
Class 2
|
bazojova
|
abazojova
|
bezojova
|
abazujova
|
abangezujova
|
bengezujova
|
Class 3
|
uzojova
|
ozojova
|
uzojova
|
awuzujova
|
ongezujova
|
ungezujova
|
Class 4
|
izojova
|
ezojova
|
izojova
|
ayizujova
|
engezujova
|
ingezujova
|
Class 5
|
lizojova
|
elizojova
|
lizojova
|
alizujova
|
elingezujova
|
lingezujova
|
Class 6
|
azojova
|
azojova
|
ezojova
|
awazujova
|
angezujova
|
engezujova
|
Class 7
|
sizojova
|
esizojova
|
sizojova
|
asizujova
|
esingezujova
|
singezujova
|
Class 8
|
zizojova
|
ezizojova
|
zizojova
|
azizujova
|
ezingezujova
|
zingezujova
|
Class 9
|
izojova
|
ezojova
|
izojova
|
ayizujova
|
engezujova
|
ingezujova
|
Class 10
|
zizojova
|
ezizojova
|
zizojova
|
azizujova
|
ezingezujova
|
zingezujova
|
Class 11
|
luzojova
|
oluzojova
|
luzojova
|
aluzujova
|
olungezujova
|
lungezujova
|
Class 14
|
buzojova
|
obuzojova
|
buzojova
|
abuzujova
|
obungezujova
|
bungezujova
|
Class 15
|
kuzojova
|
okuzojova
|
kuzojova
|
akuzujova
|
okungezujova
|
kungezujova
|
Class 17
|
kuzojova
|
okuzojova
|
kuzojova
|
akuzujova
|
okungezujova
|
kungezujova
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyojova
|
engiyojova
|
ngiyojova
|
angiyujova
|
engingeyujova
|
ngingeyujova
|
2nd singular
|
uyojova
|
oyojova
|
uyojova
|
awuyujova
|
ongeyujova
|
ungeyujova
|
1st plural
|
siyojova
|
esiyojova
|
siyojova
|
asiyujova
|
esingeyujova
|
singeyujova
|
2nd plural
|
niyojova
|
eniyojova
|
niyojova
|
aniyujova
|
eningeyujova
|
ningeyujova
|
Class 1
|
uyojova
|
oyojova
|
eyojova
|
akayujova
|
ongeyujova
|
engeyujova
|
Class 2
|
bayojova
|
abayojova
|
beyojova
|
abayujova
|
abangeyujova
|
bengeyujova
|
Class 3
|
uyojova
|
oyojova
|
uyojova
|
awuyujova
|
ongeyujova
|
ungeyujova
|
Class 4
|
iyojova
|
eyojova
|
iyojova
|
ayiyujova
|
engeyujova
|
ingeyujova
|
Class 5
|
liyojova
|
eliyojova
|
liyojova
|
aliyujova
|
elingeyujova
|
lingeyujova
|
Class 6
|
ayojova
|
ayojova
|
eyojova
|
awayujova
|
angeyujova
|
engeyujova
|
Class 7
|
siyojova
|
esiyojova
|
siyojova
|
asiyujova
|
esingeyujova
|
singeyujova
|
Class 8
|
ziyojova
|
eziyojova
|
ziyojova
|
aziyujova
|
ezingeyujova
|
zingeyujova
|
Class 9
|
iyojova
|
eyojova
|
iyojova
|
ayiyujova
|
engeyujova
|
ingeyujova
|
Class 10
|
ziyojova
|
eziyojova
|
ziyojova
|
aziyujova
|
ezingeyujova
|
zingeyujova
|
Class 11
|
luyojova
|
oluyojova
|
luyojova
|
aluyujova
|
olungeyujova
|
lungeyujova
|
Class 14
|
buyojova
|
obuyojova
|
buyojova
|
abuyujova
|
obungeyujova
|
bungeyujova
|
Class 15
|
kuyojova
|
okuyojova
|
kuyojova
|
akuyujova
|
okungeyujova
|
kungeyujova
|
Class 17
|
kuyojova
|
okuyojova
|
kuyojova
|
akuyujova
|
okungeyujova
|
kungeyujova
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngijove
|
ngingajovi
|
2nd singular
|
ujove
|
ungajovi
|
1st plural
|
sijove
|
singajovi
|
2nd plural
|
nijove
|
ningajovi
|
Class 1
|
ajove
|
angajovi
|
Class 2
|
bajove
|
bangajovi
|
Class 3
|
ujove
|
ungajovi
|
Class 4
|
ijove
|
ingajovi
|
Class 5
|
lijove
|
lingajovi
|
Class 6
|
ajove
|
angajovi
|
Class 7
|
sijove
|
singajovi
|
Class 8
|
zijove
|
zingajovi
|
Class 9
|
ijove
|
ingajovi
|
Class 10
|
zijove
|
zingajovi
|
Class 11
|
lujove
|
lungajovi
|
Class 14
|
bujove
|
bungajovi
|
Class 15
|
kujove
|
kungajovi
|
Class 17
|
kujove
|
kungajovi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngajova
|
ngangajova, angajova, angangajova
|
2nd singular
|
wajova
|
wangajova, awajova, awangajova
|
1st plural
|
sajova
|
sangajova, asajova, asangajova
|
2nd plural
|
najova
|
nangajova, anajova, anangajova
|
Class 1
|
wajova
|
wangajova, akajova, akangajova
|
Class 2
|
bajova
|
bangajova, abajova, abangajova
|
Class 3
|
wajova
|
wangajova, awajova, awangajova
|
Class 4
|
yajova
|
yangajova, ayajova, ayangajova
|
Class 5
|
lajova
|
langajova, alajova, alangajova
|
Class 6
|
ajova
|
angajova, awajova, awangajova
|
Class 7
|
sajova
|
sangajova, asajova, asangajova
|
Class 8
|
zajova
|
zangajova, azajova, azangajova
|
Class 9
|
yajova
|
yangajova, ayajova, ayangajova
|
Class 10
|
zajova
|
zangajova, azajova, azangajova
|
Class 11
|
lwajova
|
lwangajova, alwajova, alwangajova
|
Class 14
|
bajova
|
bangajova, abajova, abangajova
|
Class 15
|
kwajova
|
kwangajova, akwajova, akwangajova
|
Class 17
|
kwajova
|
kwangajova, akwajova, akwangajova
|
References