kaiva
Appearance
Finnish
[edit]Verb
[edit]kaiva
- inflection of kaivaa:
Anagrams
[edit]Latvian
[edit]Noun
[edit]kaiva f (4th declension)
- (poetic) gull, seagull; alternative form of kaija
- gar tukšo krastu kliedzot laižas kaivas ― seagulls flew squawking along the empty shore
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | kaiva | kaivas |
| genitive | kaivas | kaivu |
| dative | kaivai | kaivām |
| accusative | kaivu | kaivas |
| instrumental | kaivu | kaivām |
| locative | kaivā | kaivās |
| vocative | kaiva | kaivas |
Votic
[edit]
The spelling of this entry has been normalized from kaivaa according to the principles established by Wiktionary's editor community as described at Wiktionary:Votic entry guidelines or recent spelling standards of the language.
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *kaivadak, from Proto-Uralic *kajwa-.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Luutsa, Liivčülä) IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯vɑː/, [ˈkɑi̯vɑ]
- (Jõgõperä) IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯vɑː/, [ˈkɑi̯vɑ]
- (Central Votic) IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯vɑː/, [ˈkɑi̯vɑː]
- (Eastern Votic) IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯vɑːɡ/, [ˈkɑi̯vɑːɡ̊]
- Rhymes: -ɑi̯vɑː
- Hyphenation: kai‧va
Verb
[edit]kaiva
- (transitive) to dig
- (transitive) to gouge (a hole into)
- (transitive) to dig up, rummage
- (transitive) to take out, dig out
Inflection
[edit]| Conjugation of kaiva (type III-3/anta, no gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative | |||||
| Present | Perfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | kaivõn | en kaivõ | 1st singular | õõn kaivõnnu | en õõ kaivõnnu |
| 2nd singular | kaivõd | ed kaivõ | 2nd singular | õõd kaivõnnu | ed õõ kaivõnnu |
| 3rd singular | kaivõb | eb kaivõ | 3rd singular | on kaivõnnu | eb õõ kaivõnnu |
| 1st plural | kaivõmmõ | emme kaivõ | 1st plural | õõmmõ kaivõnnu | emme õõ kaivõnnu |
| 2nd plural | kaivõttõ | ette kaivõ | 2nd plural | õõttõ kaivõnnu | ette õõ kaivõnnu |
| 3rd plural | kaivõta | eväd kaivõ | 3rd plural | õlla kaivõttu | eväd õõ kaivõttu |
| impersonal | kaivõta | eväd kaivõ | impersonal | õlla kaivõttu | eväd õõ kaivõttu |
| Imperfect | Pluperfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | kaivin | en kaivõnnu | 1st singular | õlin kaivõnnu | — |
| 2nd singular | kaivid | ed kaivõnnu | 2nd singular | õlid kaivõnnu | — |
| 3rd singular | kaivi | eb kaivõnnu | 3rd singular | õli kaivõnnu | — |
| 1st plural | kaivimmõ | emme kaivõnnu | 1st plural | õlimmõ kaivõnnu | — |
| 2nd plural | kaivittõ | ette kaivõnnu | 2nd plural | õlittõ kaivõnnu | — |
| 3rd plural | kaivõtti | eväd kaivõttu | 3rd plural | õlti kaivõttu | — |
| impersonal | kaivõtti | eväd kaivõttu | impersonal | õlti kaivõttu | — |
| Conditional | |||||
| Present | Perfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | kaivõizin | en kaivõizʹ | 1st singular | õll(õ)izin kaivõnnu | en õll(õ)izʹ kaivõnnu |
| 2nd singular | kaivõizid | ed kaivõizʹ | 2nd singular | õll(õ)izid kaivõnnu | ed õll(õ)izʹ kaivõnnu |
| 3rd singular | kaivõizʹ | eb kaivõizʹ | 3rd singular | õll(õ)izʹ kaivõnnu | eb õll(õ)izʹ kaivõnnu |
| 1st plural | kaivõizimmõ | emme kaivõizʹ | 1st plural | õll(õ)izimmõ kaivõnnu | emme õll(õ)izʹ kaivõnnu |
| 2nd plural | kaivõizittõ | ette kaivõizʹ | 2nd plural | õll(õ)izittõ kaivõnnu | ette õll(õ)izʹ kaivõnnu |
| 3rd plural | kaivõttaizʹ | eväd kaivõttaizʹ | 3rd plural | õltaizʹ kaivõttu | eväd õltaizʹ kaivõttu |
| impersonal | kaivõttaizʹ | eväd kaivõttaizʹ | impersonal | õltaizʹ kaivõttu | eväd õltaizʹ kaivõttu |
| Imperative | |||||
| Present | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | — | — | |||
| 2nd singular | kaivõ | elä kaivõ | |||
| 3rd singular | kaivõgo1) | elko kaivõgo1) | |||
| 1st plural | — | — | |||
| 2nd plural | kaivõga | elka kaivõga | |||
| 3rd plural | kaivõgod1) | — | |||
| impersonal | — | — | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitives | Participles | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | kaiva | present | kaivõjõ2) | — | |
| 2nd | illative | kaivõma | past | kaivõnnu | kaivõttu |
| inessive | kaivõmõz | 'Standardized' inflection based on the Vaipooli dialects; see WT:AVOT. 1) using la is more common 2) also used as the agent noun | |||
| elative | kaivõmõss | ||||
| abessive | kaivõmõttõ | ||||
References
[edit]Categories:
- Finnish non-lemma forms
- Finnish verb forms
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian nouns
- Latvian feminine nouns
- Latvian poetic terms
- Latvian terms with usage examples
- Latvian fourth declension nouns
- Votic terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Votic terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Votic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Votic terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Votic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Votic/ɑi̯vɑː
- Rhymes:Votic/ɑi̯vɑː/2 syllables
- Votic lemmas
- Votic verbs
- Votic transitive verbs
- Votic anta-type verbs