khonza

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-kʊ́ndia, causative form of Proto-Bantu *kʊ́nda. Cognate with Rwanda-Rundi -kunda (“to like, to love”).

Verb

-khônza

1. to serve

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-kʊ́ndia, causative form of Proto-Bantu *kʊ́nda. Cognate with Rwanda-Rundi -kunda (“to like, to love”).

Verb

-khônza

1. (intransitive) to give greetings to, to send regards to [+locative]
2. (transitive) to admire, to be fond of, to like very much
3. (transitive) to worship

Inflection

Tone HH
Infinitive	ukukhonza
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukukhonza	ukungakhonzi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	khonza	-khonze
Plural	khonzani	-khonzeni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyakhonza, ngikhonza	engikhonzayo, engikhonza	ngikhonza	angikhonzi	engingakhonzi	ngingakhonzi
2nd singular	uyakhonza, ukhonza	okhonzayo, okhonza	ukhonza	awukhonzi	ongakhonzi	ungakhonzi
1st plural	siyakhonza, sikhonza	esikhonzayo, esikhonza	sikhonza	asikhonzi	esingakhonzi	singakhonzi
2nd plural	niyakhonza, nikhonza	enikhonzayo, enikhonza	nikhonza	anikhonzi	eningakhonzi	ningakhonzi
Class 1	uyakhonza, ukhonza	okhonzayo, okhonza	ekhonza	akakhonzi	ongakhonzi	engakhonzi
Class 2	bayakhonza, bakhonza	abakhonzayo, abakhonza	bekhonza	abakhonzi	abangakhonzi	bengakhonzi
Class 3	uyakhonza, ukhonza	okhonzayo, okhonza	ukhonza	awukhonzi	ongakhonzi	ungakhonzi
Class 4	iyakhonza, ikhonza	ekhonzayo, ekhonza	ikhonza	ayikhonzi	engakhonzi	ingakhonzi
Class 5	liyakhonza, likhonza	elikhonzayo, elikhonza	likhonza	alikhonzi	elingakhonzi	lingakhonzi
Class 6	ayakhonza, akhonza	akhonzayo, akhonza	ekhonza	awakhonzi	angakhonzi	engakhonzi
Class 7	siyakhonza, sikhonza	esikhonzayo, esikhonza	sikhonza	asikhonzi	esingakhonzi	singakhonzi
Class 8	ziyakhonza, zikhonza	ezikhonzayo, ezikhonza	zikhonza	azikhonzi	ezingakhonzi	zingakhonzi
Class 9	iyakhonza, ikhonza	ekhonzayo, ekhonza	ikhonza	ayikhonzi	engakhonzi	ingakhonzi
Class 10	ziyakhonza, zikhonza	ezikhonzayo, ezikhonza	zikhonza	azikhonzi	ezingakhonzi	zingakhonzi
Class 11	luyakhonza, lukhonza	olukhonzayo, olukhonza	lukhonza	alukhonzi	olungakhonzi	lungakhonzi
Class 14	buyakhonza, bukhonza	obukhonzayo, obukhonza	bukhonza	abukhonzi	obungakhonzi	bungakhonzi
Class 15	kuyakhonza, kukhonza	okukhonzayo, okukhonza	kukhonza	akukhonzi	okungakhonzi	kungakhonzi
Class 17	kuyakhonza, kukhonza	okukhonzayo, okukhonza	kukhonza	akukhonzi	okungakhonzi	kungakhonzi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngikhonzile, ngikhonzē	engikhonzile, engikhonzē	ngikhonzile, ngikhonzē	angikhonzanga	engingakhonzanga	ngingakhonzanga
2nd singular	ukhonzile, ukhonzē	okhonzile, okhonzē	ukhonzile, ukhonzē	awukhonzanga	ongakhonzanga	ungakhonzanga
1st plural	sikhonzile, sikhonzē	esikhonzile, esikhonzē	sikhonzile, sikhonzē	asikhonzanga	esingakhonzanga	singakhonzanga
2nd plural	nikhonzile, nikhonzē	enikhonzile, enikhonzē	nikhonzile, nikhonzē	anikhonzanga	eningakhonzanga	ningakhonzanga
Class 1	ukhonzile, ukhonzē	okhonzile, okhonzē	ekhonzile, ekhonzē	akakhonzanga	ongakhonzanga	engakhonzanga
Class 2	bakhonzile, bakhonzē	abakhonzile, abakhonzē	bekhonzile, bekhonzē	abakhonzanga	abangakhonzanga	bengakhonzanga
Class 3	ukhonzile, ukhonzē	okhonzile, okhonzē	ukhonzile, ukhonzē	awukhonzanga	ongakhonzanga	ungakhonzanga
Class 4	ikhonzile, ikhonzē	ekhonzile, ekhonzē	ikhonzile, ikhonzē	ayikhonzanga	engakhonzanga	ingakhonzanga
Class 5	likhonzile, likhonzē	elikhonzile, elikhonzē	likhonzile, likhonzē	alikhonzanga	elingakhonzanga	lingakhonzanga
Class 6	akhonzile, akhonzē	akhonzile, akhonzē	ekhonzile, ekhonzē	awakhonzanga	angakhonzanga	engakhonzanga
Class 7	sikhonzile, sikhonzē	esikhonzile, esikhonzē	sikhonzile, sikhonzē	asikhonzanga	esingakhonzanga	singakhonzanga
Class 8	zikhonzile, zikhonzē	ezikhonzile, ezikhonzē	zikhonzile, zikhonzē	azikhonzanga	ezingakhonzanga	zingakhonzanga
Class 9	ikhonzile, ikhonzē	ekhonzile, ekhonzē	ikhonzile, ikhonzē	ayikhonzanga	engakhonzanga	ingakhonzanga
Class 10	zikhonzile, zikhonzē	ezikhonzile, ezikhonzē	zikhonzile, zikhonzē	azikhonzanga	ezingakhonzanga	zingakhonzanga
Class 11	lukhonzile, lukhonzē	olukhonzile, olukhonzē	lukhonzile, lukhonzē	alukhonzanga	olungakhonzanga	lungakhonzanga
Class 14	bukhonzile, bukhonzē	obukhonzile, obukhonzē	bukhonzile, bukhonzē	abukhonzanga	obungakhonzanga	bungakhonzanga
Class 15	kukhonzile, kukhonzē	okukhonzile, okukhonzē	kukhonzile, kukhonzē	akukhonzanga	okungakhonzanga	kungakhonzanga
Class 17	kukhonzile, kukhonzē	okukhonzile, okukhonzē	kukhonzile, kukhonzē	akukhonzanga	okungakhonzanga	kungakhonzanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngākhonza	engākhonza	ngākhonza	angikhonzanga	engingakhonzanga	ngingakhonzanga
2nd singular	wākhonza	owākhonza	wākhonza	awukhonzanga	ongakhonzanga	ungakhonzanga
1st plural	sākhonza	esākhonza	sākhonza	asikhonzanga	esingakhonzanga	singakhonzanga
2nd plural	nākhonza	enākhonza	nākhonza	anikhonzanga	eningakhonzanga	ningakhonzanga
Class 1	wākhonza	owākhonza	ākhonza	akakhonzanga	ongakhonzanga	engakhonzanga
Class 2	bākhonza	abākhonza	bākhonza	abakhonzanga	abangakhonzanga	bengakhonzanga
Class 3	wākhonza	owākhonza	wākhonza	awukhonzanga	ongakhonzanga	ungakhonzanga
Class 4	yākhonza	eyākhonza	yākhonza	ayikhonzanga	engakhonzanga	ingakhonzanga
Class 5	lākhonza	elākhonza	lākhonza	alikhonzanga	elingakhonzanga	lingakhonzanga
Class 6	ākhonza	ākhonza	ākhonza	awakhonzanga	angakhonzanga	engakhonzanga
Class 7	sākhonza	esākhonza	sākhonza	asikhonzanga	esingakhonzanga	singakhonzanga
Class 8	zākhonza	ezākhonza	zākhonza	azikhonzanga	ezingakhonzanga	zingakhonzanga
Class 9	yākhonza	eyākhonza	yākhonza	ayikhonzanga	engakhonzanga	ingakhonzanga
Class 10	zākhonza	ezākhonza	zākhonza	azikhonzanga	ezingakhonzanga	zingakhonzanga
Class 11	lwākhonza	olwākhonza	lwākhonza	alukhonzanga	olungakhonzanga	lungakhonzanga
Class 14	bākhonza	obākhonza	bākhonza	abukhonzanga	obungakhonzanga	bungakhonzanga
Class 15	kwākhonza	okwākhonza	kwākhonza	akukhonzanga	okungakhonzanga	kungakhonzanga
Class 17	kwākhonza	okwākhonza	kwākhonza	akukhonzanga	okungakhonzanga	kungakhonzanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingakhonza	—	ngingakhonza	ngingekhonze	—	ngingekhonze
2nd singular	ungakhonza	—	ungakhonza	ungekhonze	—	ungekhonze
1st plural	singakhonza	—	singakhonza	singekhonze	—	singekhonze
2nd plural	ningakhonza	—	ningakhonza	ningekhonze	—	ningekhonze
Class 1	angakhonza	—	engakhonza	angekhonze	—	engekhonze
Class 2	bangakhonza	—	bengakhonza	bangekhonze	—	bengekhonze
Class 3	ungakhonza	—	ungakhonza	ungekhonze	—	ungekhonze
Class 4	ingakhonza	—	ingakhonza	ingekhonze	—	ingekhonze
Class 5	lingakhonza	—	lingakhonza	lingekhonze	—	lingekhonze
Class 6	angakhonza	—	engakhonza	angekhonze	—	engekhonze
Class 7	singakhonza	—	singakhonza	singekhonze	—	singekhonze
Class 8	zingakhonza	—	zingakhonza	zingekhonze	—	zingekhonze
Class 9	ingakhonza	—	ingakhonza	ingekhonze	—	ingekhonze
Class 10	zingakhonza	—	zingakhonza	zingekhonze	—	zingekhonze
Class 11	lungakhonza	—	lungakhonza	lungekhonze	—	lungekhonze
Class 14	bungakhonza	—	bungakhonza	bungekhonze	—	bungekhonze
Class 15	kungakhonza	—	kungakhonza	kungekhonze	—	kungekhonze
Class 17	kungakhonza	—	kungakhonza	kungekhonze	—	kungekhonze
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizokhonza	engizokhonza	ngizokhonza	angizukhonza	engingezukhonza	ngingezukhonza
2nd singular	uzokhonza	ozokhonza	uzokhonza	awuzukhonza	ongezukhonza	ungezukhonza
1st plural	sizokhonza	esizokhonza	sizokhonza	asizukhonza	esingezukhonza	singezukhonza
2nd plural	nizokhonza	enizokhonza	nizokhonza	anizukhonza	eningezukhonza	ningezukhonza
Class 1	uzokhonza	ozokhonza	ezokhonza	akazukhonza	ongezukhonza	engezukhonza
Class 2	bazokhonza	abazokhonza	bezokhonza	abazukhonza	abangezukhonza	bengezukhonza
Class 3	uzokhonza	ozokhonza	uzokhonza	awuzukhonza	ongezukhonza	ungezukhonza
Class 4	izokhonza	ezokhonza	izokhonza	ayizukhonza	engezukhonza	ingezukhonza
Class 5	lizokhonza	elizokhonza	lizokhonza	alizukhonza	elingezukhonza	lingezukhonza
Class 6	azokhonza	azokhonza	ezokhonza	awazukhonza	angezukhonza	engezukhonza
Class 7	sizokhonza	esizokhonza	sizokhonza	asizukhonza	esingezukhonza	singezukhonza
Class 8	zizokhonza	ezizokhonza	zizokhonza	azizukhonza	ezingezukhonza	zingezukhonza
Class 9	izokhonza	ezokhonza	izokhonza	ayizukhonza	engezukhonza	ingezukhonza
Class 10	zizokhonza	ezizokhonza	zizokhonza	azizukhonza	ezingezukhonza	zingezukhonza
Class 11	luzokhonza	oluzokhonza	luzokhonza	aluzukhonza	olungezukhonza	lungezukhonza
Class 14	buzokhonza	obuzokhonza	buzokhonza	abuzukhonza	obungezukhonza	bungezukhonza
Class 15	kuzokhonza	okuzokhonza	kuzokhonza	akuzukhonza	okungezukhonza	kungezukhonza
Class 17	kuzokhonza	okuzokhonza	kuzokhonza	akuzukhonza	okungezukhonza	kungezukhonza
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyokhonza	engiyokhonza	ngiyokhonza	angiyukhonza	engingeyukhonza	ngingeyukhonza
2nd singular	uyokhonza	oyokhonza	uyokhonza	awuyukhonza	ongeyukhonza	ungeyukhonza
1st plural	siyokhonza	esiyokhonza	siyokhonza	asiyukhonza	esingeyukhonza	singeyukhonza
2nd plural	niyokhonza	eniyokhonza	niyokhonza	aniyukhonza	eningeyukhonza	ningeyukhonza
Class 1	uyokhonza	oyokhonza	eyokhonza	akayukhonza	ongeyukhonza	engeyukhonza
Class 2	bayokhonza	abayokhonza	beyokhonza	abayukhonza	abangeyukhonza	bengeyukhonza
Class 3	uyokhonza	oyokhonza	uyokhonza	awuyukhonza	ongeyukhonza	ungeyukhonza
Class 4	iyokhonza	eyokhonza	iyokhonza	ayiyukhonza	engeyukhonza	ingeyukhonza
Class 5	liyokhonza	eliyokhonza	liyokhonza	aliyukhonza	elingeyukhonza	lingeyukhonza
Class 6	ayokhonza	ayokhonza	eyokhonza	awayukhonza	angeyukhonza	engeyukhonza
Class 7	siyokhonza	esiyokhonza	siyokhonza	asiyukhonza	esingeyukhonza	singeyukhonza
Class 8	ziyokhonza	eziyokhonza	ziyokhonza	aziyukhonza	ezingeyukhonza	zingeyukhonza
Class 9	iyokhonza	eyokhonza	iyokhonza	ayiyukhonza	engeyukhonza	ingeyukhonza
Class 10	ziyokhonza	eziyokhonza	ziyokhonza	aziyukhonza	ezingeyukhonza	zingeyukhonza
Class 11	luyokhonza	oluyokhonza	luyokhonza	aluyukhonza	olungeyukhonza	lungeyukhonza
Class 14	buyokhonza	obuyokhonza	buyokhonza	abuyukhonza	obungeyukhonza	bungeyukhonza
Class 15	kuyokhonza	okuyokhonza	kuyokhonza	akuyukhonza	okungeyukhonza	kungeyukhonza
Class 17	kuyokhonza	okuyokhonza	kuyokhonza	akuyukhonza	okungeyukhonza	kungeyukhonza
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngikhonze	ngingakhonzi
2nd singular	ukhonze	ungakhonzi
1st plural	sikhonze	singakhonzi
2nd plural	nikhonze	ningakhonzi
Class 1	akhonze	angakhonzi
Class 2	bakhonze	bangakhonzi
Class 3	ukhonze	ungakhonzi
Class 4	ikhonze	ingakhonzi
Class 5	likhonze	lingakhonzi
Class 6	akhonze	angakhonzi
Class 7	sikhonze	singakhonzi
Class 8	zikhonze	zingakhonzi
Class 9	ikhonze	ingakhonzi
Class 10	zikhonze	zingakhonzi
Class 11	lukhonze	lungakhonzi
Class 14	bukhonze	bungakhonzi
Class 15	kukhonze	kungakhonzi
Class 17	kukhonze	kungakhonzi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngakhonza	ngangakhonza, angakhonza, angangakhonza
2nd singular	wakhonza	wangakhonza, awakhonza, awangakhonza
1st plural	sakhonza	sangakhonza, asakhonza, asangakhonza
2nd plural	nakhonza	nangakhonza, anakhonza, anangakhonza
Class 1	wakhonza	wangakhonza, akakhonza, akangakhonza
Class 2	bakhonza	bangakhonza, abakhonza, abangakhonza
Class 3	wakhonza	wangakhonza, awakhonza, awangakhonza
Class 4	yakhonza	yangakhonza, ayakhonza, ayangakhonza
Class 5	lakhonza	langakhonza, alakhonza, alangakhonza
Class 6	akhonza	angakhonza, awakhonza, awangakhonza
Class 7	sakhonza	sangakhonza, asakhonza, asangakhonza
Class 8	zakhonza	zangakhonza, azakhonza, azangakhonza
Class 9	yakhonza	yangakhonza, ayakhonza, ayangakhonza
Class 10	zakhonza	zangakhonza, azakhonza, azangakhonza
Class 11	lwakhonza	lwangakhonza, alwakhonza, alwangakhonza
Class 14	bakhonza	bangakhonza, abakhonza, abangakhonza
Class 15	kwakhonza	kwangakhonza, akwakhonza, akwangakhonza
Class 17	kwakhonza	kwangakhonza, akwakhonza, akwangakhonza

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “khonza”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “khonza (3.9)”