khwezela

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-khwezela^?

1. to start a file

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kʰwezéːla/

Verb

-khwezéla

1. (transitive) to poke up (a fire)

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitive	ukukhwezela
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukukhwezela	ukungakhwezeli
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	khwezela	-khwezele
Plural	khwezelani	-khwezeleni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyakhwezela, ngikhwezela	engikhwezelayo, engikhwezela	ngikhwezela	angikhwezeli	engingakhwezeli	ngingakhwezeli
2nd singular	uyakhwezela, ukhwezela	okhwezelayo, okhwezela	ukhwezela	awukhwezeli	ongakhwezeli	ungakhwezeli
1st plural	siyakhwezela, sikhwezela	esikhwezelayo, esikhwezela	sikhwezela	asikhwezeli	esingakhwezeli	singakhwezeli
2nd plural	niyakhwezela, nikhwezela	enikhwezelayo, enikhwezela	nikhwezela	anikhwezeli	eningakhwezeli	ningakhwezeli
Class 1	uyakhwezela, ukhwezela	okhwezelayo, okhwezela	ekhwezela	akakhwezeli	ongakhwezeli	engakhwezeli
Class 2	bayakhwezela, bakhwezela	abakhwezelayo, abakhwezela	bekhwezela	abakhwezeli	abangakhwezeli	bengakhwezeli
Class 3	uyakhwezela, ukhwezela	okhwezelayo, okhwezela	ukhwezela	awukhwezeli	ongakhwezeli	ungakhwezeli
Class 4	iyakhwezela, ikhwezela	ekhwezelayo, ekhwezela	ikhwezela	ayikhwezeli	engakhwezeli	ingakhwezeli
Class 5	liyakhwezela, likhwezela	elikhwezelayo, elikhwezela	likhwezela	alikhwezeli	elingakhwezeli	lingakhwezeli
Class 6	ayakhwezela, akhwezela	akhwezelayo, akhwezela	ekhwezela	awakhwezeli	angakhwezeli	engakhwezeli
Class 7	siyakhwezela, sikhwezela	esikhwezelayo, esikhwezela	sikhwezela	asikhwezeli	esingakhwezeli	singakhwezeli
Class 8	ziyakhwezela, zikhwezela	ezikhwezelayo, ezikhwezela	zikhwezela	azikhwezeli	ezingakhwezeli	zingakhwezeli
Class 9	iyakhwezela, ikhwezela	ekhwezelayo, ekhwezela	ikhwezela	ayikhwezeli	engakhwezeli	ingakhwezeli
Class 10	ziyakhwezela, zikhwezela	ezikhwezelayo, ezikhwezela	zikhwezela	azikhwezeli	ezingakhwezeli	zingakhwezeli
Class 11	luyakhwezela, lukhwezela	olukhwezelayo, olukhwezela	lukhwezela	alukhwezeli	olungakhwezeli	lungakhwezeli
Class 14	buyakhwezela, bukhwezela	obukhwezelayo, obukhwezela	bukhwezela	abukhwezeli	obungakhwezeli	bungakhwezeli
Class 15	kuyakhwezela, kukhwezela	okukhwezelayo, okukhwezela	kukhwezela	akukhwezeli	okungakhwezeli	kungakhwezeli
Class 17	kuyakhwezela, kukhwezela	okukhwezelayo, okukhwezela	kukhwezela	akukhwezeli	okungakhwezeli	kungakhwezeli
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngikhwezelile, ngikhwezelē	engikhwezelile, engikhwezelē	ngikhwezelile, ngikhwezelē	angikhwezelanga	engingakhwezelanga	ngingakhwezelanga
2nd singular	ukhwezelile, ukhwezelē	okhwezelile, okhwezelē	ukhwezelile, ukhwezelē	awukhwezelanga	ongakhwezelanga	ungakhwezelanga
1st plural	sikhwezelile, sikhwezelē	esikhwezelile, esikhwezelē	sikhwezelile, sikhwezelē	asikhwezelanga	esingakhwezelanga	singakhwezelanga
2nd plural	nikhwezelile, nikhwezelē	enikhwezelile, enikhwezelē	nikhwezelile, nikhwezelē	anikhwezelanga	eningakhwezelanga	ningakhwezelanga
Class 1	ukhwezelile, ukhwezelē	okhwezelile, okhwezelē	ekhwezelile, ekhwezelē	akakhwezelanga	ongakhwezelanga	engakhwezelanga
Class 2	bakhwezelile, bakhwezelē	abakhwezelile, abakhwezelē	bekhwezelile, bekhwezelē	abakhwezelanga	abangakhwezelanga	bengakhwezelanga
Class 3	ukhwezelile, ukhwezelē	okhwezelile, okhwezelē	ukhwezelile, ukhwezelē	awukhwezelanga	ongakhwezelanga	ungakhwezelanga
Class 4	ikhwezelile, ikhwezelē	ekhwezelile, ekhwezelē	ikhwezelile, ikhwezelē	ayikhwezelanga	engakhwezelanga	ingakhwezelanga
Class 5	likhwezelile, likhwezelē	elikhwezelile, elikhwezelē	likhwezelile, likhwezelē	alikhwezelanga	elingakhwezelanga	lingakhwezelanga
Class 6	akhwezelile, akhwezelē	akhwezelile, akhwezelē	ekhwezelile, ekhwezelē	awakhwezelanga	angakhwezelanga	engakhwezelanga
Class 7	sikhwezelile, sikhwezelē	esikhwezelile, esikhwezelē	sikhwezelile, sikhwezelē	asikhwezelanga	esingakhwezelanga	singakhwezelanga
Class 8	zikhwezelile, zikhwezelē	ezikhwezelile, ezikhwezelē	zikhwezelile, zikhwezelē	azikhwezelanga	ezingakhwezelanga	zingakhwezelanga
Class 9	ikhwezelile, ikhwezelē	ekhwezelile, ekhwezelē	ikhwezelile, ikhwezelē	ayikhwezelanga	engakhwezelanga	ingakhwezelanga
Class 10	zikhwezelile, zikhwezelē	ezikhwezelile, ezikhwezelē	zikhwezelile, zikhwezelē	azikhwezelanga	ezingakhwezelanga	zingakhwezelanga
Class 11	lukhwezelile, lukhwezelē	olukhwezelile, olukhwezelē	lukhwezelile, lukhwezelē	alukhwezelanga	olungakhwezelanga	lungakhwezelanga
Class 14	bukhwezelile, bukhwezelē	obukhwezelile, obukhwezelē	bukhwezelile, bukhwezelē	abukhwezelanga	obungakhwezelanga	bungakhwezelanga
Class 15	kukhwezelile, kukhwezelē	okukhwezelile, okukhwezelē	kukhwezelile, kukhwezelē	akukhwezelanga	okungakhwezelanga	kungakhwezelanga
Class 17	kukhwezelile, kukhwezelē	okukhwezelile, okukhwezelē	kukhwezelile, kukhwezelē	akukhwezelanga	okungakhwezelanga	kungakhwezelanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngākhwezela	engākhwezela	ngākhwezela	angikhwezelanga	engingakhwezelanga	ngingakhwezelanga
2nd singular	wākhwezela	owākhwezela	wākhwezela	awukhwezelanga	ongakhwezelanga	ungakhwezelanga
1st plural	sākhwezela	esākhwezela	sākhwezela	asikhwezelanga	esingakhwezelanga	singakhwezelanga
2nd plural	nākhwezela	enākhwezela	nākhwezela	anikhwezelanga	eningakhwezelanga	ningakhwezelanga
Class 1	wākhwezela	owākhwezela	ākhwezela	akakhwezelanga	ongakhwezelanga	engakhwezelanga
Class 2	bākhwezela	abākhwezela	bākhwezela	abakhwezelanga	abangakhwezelanga	bengakhwezelanga
Class 3	wākhwezela	owākhwezela	wākhwezela	awukhwezelanga	ongakhwezelanga	ungakhwezelanga
Class 4	yākhwezela	eyākhwezela	yākhwezela	ayikhwezelanga	engakhwezelanga	ingakhwezelanga
Class 5	lākhwezela	elākhwezela	lākhwezela	alikhwezelanga	elingakhwezelanga	lingakhwezelanga
Class 6	ākhwezela	ākhwezela	ākhwezela	awakhwezelanga	angakhwezelanga	engakhwezelanga
Class 7	sākhwezela	esākhwezela	sākhwezela	asikhwezelanga	esingakhwezelanga	singakhwezelanga
Class 8	zākhwezela	ezākhwezela	zākhwezela	azikhwezelanga	ezingakhwezelanga	zingakhwezelanga
Class 9	yākhwezela	eyākhwezela	yākhwezela	ayikhwezelanga	engakhwezelanga	ingakhwezelanga
Class 10	zākhwezela	ezākhwezela	zākhwezela	azikhwezelanga	ezingakhwezelanga	zingakhwezelanga
Class 11	lwākhwezela	olwākhwezela	lwākhwezela	alukhwezelanga	olungakhwezelanga	lungakhwezelanga
Class 14	bākhwezela	obākhwezela	bākhwezela	abukhwezelanga	obungakhwezelanga	bungakhwezelanga
Class 15	kwākhwezela	okwākhwezela	kwākhwezela	akukhwezelanga	okungakhwezelanga	kungakhwezelanga
Class 17	kwākhwezela	okwākhwezela	kwākhwezela	akukhwezelanga	okungakhwezelanga	kungakhwezelanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingakhwezela	—	ngingakhwezela	ngingekhwezele	—	ngingekhwezele
2nd singular	ungakhwezela	—	ungakhwezela	ungekhwezele	—	ungekhwezele
1st plural	singakhwezela	—	singakhwezela	singekhwezele	—	singekhwezele
2nd plural	ningakhwezela	—	ningakhwezela	ningekhwezele	—	ningekhwezele
Class 1	angakhwezela	—	engakhwezela	angekhwezele	—	engekhwezele
Class 2	bangakhwezela	—	bengakhwezela	bangekhwezele	—	bengekhwezele
Class 3	ungakhwezela	—	ungakhwezela	ungekhwezele	—	ungekhwezele
Class 4	ingakhwezela	—	ingakhwezela	ingekhwezele	—	ingekhwezele
Class 5	lingakhwezela	—	lingakhwezela	lingekhwezele	—	lingekhwezele
Class 6	angakhwezela	—	engakhwezela	angekhwezele	—	engekhwezele
Class 7	singakhwezela	—	singakhwezela	singekhwezele	—	singekhwezele
Class 8	zingakhwezela	—	zingakhwezela	zingekhwezele	—	zingekhwezele
Class 9	ingakhwezela	—	ingakhwezela	ingekhwezele	—	ingekhwezele
Class 10	zingakhwezela	—	zingakhwezela	zingekhwezele	—	zingekhwezele
Class 11	lungakhwezela	—	lungakhwezela	lungekhwezele	—	lungekhwezele
Class 14	bungakhwezela	—	bungakhwezela	bungekhwezele	—	bungekhwezele
Class 15	kungakhwezela	—	kungakhwezela	kungekhwezele	—	kungekhwezele
Class 17	kungakhwezela	—	kungakhwezela	kungekhwezele	—	kungekhwezele
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizokhwezela	engizokhwezela	ngizokhwezela	angizukhwezela	engingezukhwezela	ngingezukhwezela
2nd singular	uzokhwezela	ozokhwezela	uzokhwezela	awuzukhwezela	ongezukhwezela	ungezukhwezela
1st plural	sizokhwezela	esizokhwezela	sizokhwezela	asizukhwezela	esingezukhwezela	singezukhwezela
2nd plural	nizokhwezela	enizokhwezela	nizokhwezela	anizukhwezela	eningezukhwezela	ningezukhwezela
Class 1	uzokhwezela	ozokhwezela	ezokhwezela	akazukhwezela	ongezukhwezela	engezukhwezela
Class 2	bazokhwezela	abazokhwezela	bezokhwezela	abazukhwezela	abangezukhwezela	bengezukhwezela
Class 3	uzokhwezela	ozokhwezela	uzokhwezela	awuzukhwezela	ongezukhwezela	ungezukhwezela
Class 4	izokhwezela	ezokhwezela	izokhwezela	ayizukhwezela	engezukhwezela	ingezukhwezela
Class 5	lizokhwezela	elizokhwezela	lizokhwezela	alizukhwezela	elingezukhwezela	lingezukhwezela
Class 6	azokhwezela	azokhwezela	ezokhwezela	awazukhwezela	angezukhwezela	engezukhwezela
Class 7	sizokhwezela	esizokhwezela	sizokhwezela	asizukhwezela	esingezukhwezela	singezukhwezela
Class 8	zizokhwezela	ezizokhwezela	zizokhwezela	azizukhwezela	ezingezukhwezela	zingezukhwezela
Class 9	izokhwezela	ezokhwezela	izokhwezela	ayizukhwezela	engezukhwezela	ingezukhwezela
Class 10	zizokhwezela	ezizokhwezela	zizokhwezela	azizukhwezela	ezingezukhwezela	zingezukhwezela
Class 11	luzokhwezela	oluzokhwezela	luzokhwezela	aluzukhwezela	olungezukhwezela	lungezukhwezela
Class 14	buzokhwezela	obuzokhwezela	buzokhwezela	abuzukhwezela	obungezukhwezela	bungezukhwezela
Class 15	kuzokhwezela	okuzokhwezela	kuzokhwezela	akuzukhwezela	okungezukhwezela	kungezukhwezela
Class 17	kuzokhwezela	okuzokhwezela	kuzokhwezela	akuzukhwezela	okungezukhwezela	kungezukhwezela
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyokhwezela	engiyokhwezela	ngiyokhwezela	angiyukhwezela	engingeyukhwezela	ngingeyukhwezela
2nd singular	uyokhwezela	oyokhwezela	uyokhwezela	awuyukhwezela	ongeyukhwezela	ungeyukhwezela
1st plural	siyokhwezela	esiyokhwezela	siyokhwezela	asiyukhwezela	esingeyukhwezela	singeyukhwezela
2nd plural	niyokhwezela	eniyokhwezela	niyokhwezela	aniyukhwezela	eningeyukhwezela	ningeyukhwezela
Class 1	uyokhwezela	oyokhwezela	eyokhwezela	akayukhwezela	ongeyukhwezela	engeyukhwezela
Class 2	bayokhwezela	abayokhwezela	beyokhwezela	abayukhwezela	abangeyukhwezela	bengeyukhwezela
Class 3	uyokhwezela	oyokhwezela	uyokhwezela	awuyukhwezela	ongeyukhwezela	ungeyukhwezela
Class 4	iyokhwezela	eyokhwezela	iyokhwezela	ayiyukhwezela	engeyukhwezela	ingeyukhwezela
Class 5	liyokhwezela	eliyokhwezela	liyokhwezela	aliyukhwezela	elingeyukhwezela	lingeyukhwezela
Class 6	ayokhwezela	ayokhwezela	eyokhwezela	awayukhwezela	angeyukhwezela	engeyukhwezela
Class 7	siyokhwezela	esiyokhwezela	siyokhwezela	asiyukhwezela	esingeyukhwezela	singeyukhwezela
Class 8	ziyokhwezela	eziyokhwezela	ziyokhwezela	aziyukhwezela	ezingeyukhwezela	zingeyukhwezela
Class 9	iyokhwezela	eyokhwezela	iyokhwezela	ayiyukhwezela	engeyukhwezela	ingeyukhwezela
Class 10	ziyokhwezela	eziyokhwezela	ziyokhwezela	aziyukhwezela	ezingeyukhwezela	zingeyukhwezela
Class 11	luyokhwezela	oluyokhwezela	luyokhwezela	aluyukhwezela	olungeyukhwezela	lungeyukhwezela
Class 14	buyokhwezela	obuyokhwezela	buyokhwezela	abuyukhwezela	obungeyukhwezela	bungeyukhwezela
Class 15	kuyokhwezela	okuyokhwezela	kuyokhwezela	akuyukhwezela	okungeyukhwezela	kungeyukhwezela
Class 17	kuyokhwezela	okuyokhwezela	kuyokhwezela	akuyukhwezela	okungeyukhwezela	kungeyukhwezela
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngikhwezele	ngingakhwezeli
2nd singular	ukhwezele	ungakhwezeli
1st plural	sikhwezele	singakhwezeli
2nd plural	nikhwezele	ningakhwezeli
Class 1	akhwezele	angakhwezeli
Class 2	bakhwezele	bangakhwezeli
Class 3	ukhwezele	ungakhwezeli
Class 4	ikhwezele	ingakhwezeli
Class 5	likhwezele	lingakhwezeli
Class 6	akhwezele	angakhwezeli
Class 7	sikhwezele	singakhwezeli
Class 8	zikhwezele	zingakhwezeli
Class 9	ikhwezele	ingakhwezeli
Class 10	zikhwezele	zingakhwezeli
Class 11	lukhwezele	lungakhwezeli
Class 14	bukhwezele	bungakhwezeli
Class 15	kukhwezele	kungakhwezeli
Class 17	kukhwezele	kungakhwezeli
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngakhwezela	ngangakhwezela, angakhwezela, angangakhwezela
2nd singular	wakhwezela	wangakhwezela, awakhwezela, awangakhwezela
1st plural	sakhwezela	sangakhwezela, asakhwezela, asangakhwezela
2nd plural	nakhwezela	nangakhwezela, anakhwezela, anangakhwezela
Class 1	wakhwezela	wangakhwezela, akakhwezela, akangakhwezela
Class 2	bakhwezela	bangakhwezela, abakhwezela, abangakhwezela
Class 3	wakhwezela	wangakhwezela, awakhwezela, awangakhwezela
Class 4	yakhwezela	yangakhwezela, ayakhwezela, ayangakhwezela
Class 5	lakhwezela	langakhwezela, alakhwezela, alangakhwezela
Class 6	akhwezela	angakhwezela, awakhwezela, awangakhwezela
Class 7	sakhwezela	sangakhwezela, asakhwezela, asangakhwezela
Class 8	zakhwezela	zangakhwezela, azakhwezela, azangakhwezela
Class 9	yakhwezela	yangakhwezela, ayakhwezela, ayangakhwezela
Class 10	zakhwezela	zangakhwezela, azakhwezela, azangakhwezela
Class 11	lwakhwezela	lwangakhwezela, alwakhwezela, alwangakhwezela
Class 14	bakhwezela	bangakhwezela, abakhwezela, abangakhwezela
Class 15	kwakhwezela	kwangakhwezela, akwakhwezela, akwangakhwezela
Class 17	kwakhwezela	kwangakhwezela, akwakhwezela, akwangakhwezela

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “khwezela”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “khwezela (3.2.9)”