orbus
Latin
Etymology
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From Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”), from *h₃erbʰ- (“to change ownership”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “orphaned”), Sanskrit अर्भ (árbha, “small”), Old Armenian որբ (orb, “orphan”). Compare Late Latin orphanus.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈor.bus/, [ˈɔrbʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈor.bus/, [ˈɔrbus]
Adjective
orbus (feminine orba, neuter orbum); first/second-declension adjective
- (with genitive, ablative or ab) bereaved, bereft, deprived (of) by death
- (in general, with genitive, ablative or ab) deprived, destitute (of)
Declension
First/second-declension adjective.
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
| Nominative | orbus | orba | orbum | orbī | orbae | orba | |
| Genitive | orbī | orbae | orbī | orbōrum | orbārum | orbōrum | |
| Dative | orbō | orbō | orbīs | ||||
| Accusative | orbum | orbam | orbum | orbōs | orbās | orba | |
| Ablative | orbō | orbā | orbō | orbīs | |||
| Vocative | orbe | orba | orbum | orbī | orbae | orba | |
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
In all descendants the term acquired the meaning “blind”, from a construction such as orbus ab oculīs (“deprived of eyes”).
References
- “orbus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “orbus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- orbus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- orbus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “orbus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin