perkara

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay perkara, from Sanskrit प्रकार (prakāra, “manner”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /pərˈkara/ [pərˈka.ra]
• Rhymes: -ara
• Syllabification: per‧ka‧ra

Noun

pêrkara (plural perkara-perkara)

1. problem

   Synonyms: masalah, persoalan

2. crime

   Synonym: tindak pidana

3. affair; business

   Synonym: urusan

4. about

   Synonyms: mengenai, perihal, tentang

5. (colloquial) because

   Synonym: karena

Derived terms

• beperkara
• memerkarakan
• memperkarai
• memperkarakan

Further reading

• “perkara”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Malay

Etymology

First attested in the Talang Tuo inscription, 684AD. From Sanskrit प्रकार (prakāra).

Pronunciation

• (Baku) IPA^(key): /pərˈkara/ [pərˈka.ra]
  • Rhymes: -ara
• (schwa-variety)
  • IPA^(key): /pərˈkarə/ [pərˈka.rə] (full pronunciation)
    • Rhymes: -arə
  • IPA^(key): /pəˈkaə/ [pəˈkaə] (fast speech)
    • Rhymes: -əkaə
• Hyphenation: per‧ka‧ra

Noun

perkara (Jawi spelling ڤرکارا, plural perkara-perkara or perkara²)

1. case
2. matter
3. (law) article: a section of a legal document, bylaws, etc.

Descendants

• > Indonesian: perkara (inherited)
• → Maguindanao: palakala
• → Tausug: parkala'

Further reading

• “perkara”, in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu [Malay Literary Reference Centre] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017