pri-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "pri"

Esperanto

Etymology

From pri.

Prefix

pri-

1. about

   paroli (“to speak”) → priparoli (“to speak about, to discuss”)

   plori (“to weep”) → priplori (“to weep about, to bewail, to deplore”)

2. alters the expected object of a transitive verb, generally to an object that is the context or extent of the action

   ŝteli (“to steal (an object)”) → priŝteli (“to rob (a location)”)

   planti (“to plant (a plant)”) → priplanti (“to plant (e.g. a garden)”)

   serĉi (“to seek, to search for”) → priserĉi (“to search (a person or location)”)

   semi (“to sow (seeds)”) → prisemi (“to sow (e.g. a field)”)

   konstrui (“to build (a building)”) → prikonstrui (“to build up (an area)”)

   verŝi (“to pour”) → priverŝi (“to pour a liquid onto, to baste”)

Derived terms

Esperanto terms prefixed with pri-

pridemandi

prifajfi

prifumi

priparoli

pripensi

priplanti

priplori

prisemi

priskribi

pristudi

pritrakti

prizorgi

Javanese

Romanization

pri-

1. romanization of ꦥꦿꦶ-

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *prei-; compare Latvian pie- (“at, with, to”), Proto-Slavic *pri-. From the preposition *prei, see priẽ for more.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pʲrʲɪ/

Prefix

pri-, pri̇̀-

1. indicates an action done to completion

   mùšti (“beat”) → primùšti (“beat up, kill”)

   ver̃sti (“topple”) → priver̃sti (“force, impel”)

2. done to a (large) quantity, intensive action; done to satisfaction or boredom

   vi̇̀rti (“cook”) → privi̇̀rti (“cook a lot”)

   skinti (“pick”) → priskinti (“pick a quantity of”)

   válgyti (“eat”) → priválgyti (“eat one's fill”)

3. indicates a bringing together, approach, join

   ei̇̃ti (“go”) → priei̇̃ti (“come across, reach, go up to”)

   skambiñti (“call”) → prisiskambiñti (“get through”)

   siū́ti (“sew”) → prisiū́ti (“sew on”)

4. an action from the outside inwards

   mýgti (“press”) → primýgti (“press down”)

5. done partially

   mir̃šti (“forget”) → primir̃šti (“forget a little”)

   gèsti (“go out”) → prigèsti (“dim”)

Derived terms

Lithuanian terms prefixed with pri-

prieiga

priimti

priklausyti

prilipdyti

prilipinti

prilipti

priminti

nebeprisikiškiakopūsteliauti

priprasti

prietaisas

pritarimas

pritarti

privalgyti

prisivirti

privirti

prisivirti košės

See also

• prie
• prie-

Old Slovak

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *per-

Proto-Indo-European *préy

Proto-Balto-Slavic *prei

Proto-Slavic *pri

Proto-Slavic *pri-

Old Slovak pri-

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pri-. Cf. pri.

Prefix

pri-

1. prefix used to denote an incomplete or partial action, or a small degree of action: partially, slightly

   ‎pri- + ‎chytiť (“to catch/hold”) → ‎prichytiť (“to catch slightly; to attach briefly”)

2. prefix used to denote approach, arrival, or reaching a spatial boundary: to, towards, at

   ‎pri- + ‎-behnúť (“to run”) → ‎pribehnúť (“to run to; to arrive running”)

   ‎pri- + ‎niesť (“to carry”) → ‎priniesť (“to bring”)

   ‎pri- + ‎viesť (“to lead”) → ‎priviesť (“to lead to”)

3. prefix used to denote attachment, joining, or connecting one thing to another: to, at

   ‎pri- + ‎pojiť (“to join”) → ‎pripojiť (“to connect; to attach”)

   ‎pri- + ‎viazať (“to tie”) → ‎priviazať (“to tie to”)

   ‎pri- + ‎lepiť (“to glue”) → ‎prilepiť (“to glue/stick to”)

4. prefix used to denote pressing, squeezing, or pushing against something: against

   ‎pri- + ‎tlačiť (“to press”) → ‎pritlačiť (“to press against”)

5. prefix used to denote addition to or augmentation of something already existing: additionally, more

   ‎pri- + ‎budovať (“to build”) → ‎pribudovať (“to build an addition”)

   ‎pri- + ‎písať (“to write”) → ‎pripísať (“to add in writing; to credit”)

   ‎pri- + ‎platiť (“to pay”) → ‎priplatiť (“to pay extra; to pay additionally”)

6. prefix denoting action directed toward a person or object

   ‎pri- + ‎hovoriť (“to speak”) → ‎prihovoriť sa (“to address; to speak to”)

   ‎pri- + ‎svedčiť (“to witness”) → ‎prisvedčiť (“to agree with; to witness to”)

7. prefix used to denote covering a surface or affecting the surface of an object, usually with a movement towards the object: on, over

   ‎pri- + ‎kryť (“to cover”) → ‎prikryť (“to cover up”)

   ‎pri- + ‎hrnúť (“to rake/heap”) → ‎prihrnúť (“to rake/shovel over”)

Derived terms

Old Slovak terms prefixed with pri-

prísť

Descendants

• Slovak: pri-

Slovak

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *per-

Proto-Indo-European *préy

Proto-Balto-Slavic *prei

Proto-Slavic *pri

Proto-Slavic *pri-

Old Slovak pri-

Slovak pri-

Inherited from Old Slovak pri-. First attested in the 13th century. Cf. pri.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pri/, [pri]

Prefix

pri-

1. prefix used to denote an incomplete or partial action, or a small degree of action: partially, slightly

   ‎pri- + ‎chytiť (“to catch/hold”) → ‎prichytiť (“to catch slightly; to attach briefly”)

   ‎pri- + ‎-mknúť (“to move/close”) → ‎primknúť (“to close/press slightly”)

   ‎pri- + ‎žmúriť (“to squint”) → ‎prižmúriť (“to squint; to partially close eyes”)

2. prefix used to denote approach, arrival, or reaching a spatial boundary: to, towards, at

   ‎pri- + ‎-behnúť (“to run”) → ‎pribehnúť (“to run to; to arrive running”)

   ‎pri- + ‎niesť (“to carry”) → ‎priniesť (“to bring”)

   ‎pri- + ‎viesť (“to lead”) → ‎priviesť (“to lead to”)

3. prefix used to denote attachment, joining, or connecting one thing to another: to, at

   ‎pri- + ‎pojiť (“to join”) → ‎pripojiť (“to connect; to attach”)

   ‎pri- + ‎viazať (“to tie”) → ‎priviazať (“to tie to”)

   ‎pri- + ‎lepiť (“to glue”) → ‎prilepiť (“to glue/stick to”)

4. prefix used to denote pressing, squeezing, or pushing against something: against

   ‎pri- + ‎tlačiť (“to press”) → ‎pritlačiť (“to press against”)

   ‎pri- + ‎pučiť (“to squeeze”) → ‎pripučiť (“to crush against; to squash”)

   ‎pri- + ‎šliapnuť (“to step”) → ‎prišliapnuť (“to step on; to tread down”)

5. prefix used to denote addition to or augmentation of something already existing: additionally, more

   ‎pri- + ‎budovať (“to build”) → ‎pribudovať (“to build an addition”)

   ‎pri- + ‎písať (“to write”) → ‎pripísať (“to add in writing; to credit”)

   ‎pri- + ‎platiť (“to pay”) → ‎priplatiť (“to pay extra; to pay additionally”)

6. prefix denoting action directed toward a person or object

   ‎pri- + ‎hovoriť (“to speak”) → ‎prihovoriť sa (“to address; to speak to”)

   ‎pri- + ‎kývnuť (“to nod”) → ‎prikývnuť (“to nod at/to”)

   ‎pri- + ‎svedčiť (“to witness”) → ‎prisvedčiť (“to agree with; to witness to”)

7. prefix used to denote covering a surface or affecting the surface of an object, usually with a movement towards the object: on, over

   ‎pri- + ‎kryť (“to cover”) → ‎prikryť (“to cover up”)

   ‎pri- + ‎hrnúť (“to rake/heap”) → ‎prihrnúť (“to rake/shovel over”)

Derived terms

Slovak terms prefixed with pri-

pribiť

pričiniť

pričítať

prísť

prímerie

primknúť

primusieť

prinútiť

prirobiť

pristať

pristáť

prístojný

pristavať

pristaviť

prísudok

pritvoriť

privrieť

privstať

prízemie

Further reading

• Peciar, Štefan, editor (1959–1968), “pri-”, in Slovník slovenského jazyka [Dictionary of the Slovak Language] (in Slovak), volumes 1–6 (A – Ž; Doplnky, Dodatky), Bratislava: Vydavateľstvo SAV, →OCLC

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *pri-. Prefixed form of the preposition pri.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pri-/

Prefix

pri-

1. Forms perfective verbs with the following meanings:
   1. (no change in meaning)

      ‎pri- + ‎godīti (“to occur”) → ‎prigodīti (“to occur”)

   2. towards, approaching

      ‎pri- + ‎letẹ́ti (“to fly”) → ‎priletẹ́ti (“to fly up to”)

   3. to add

      ‎pri- + ‎líti (“to pour”) → ‎prilíti (“to add by pouring”)

   4. on, attached

      ‎pri- + ‎lepīti (“to stick”) → ‎prilepīti (“to stick on”)

   5. to obtain by/through

      ‎pri- + ‎beráčiti (“to beg”) → ‎priberáčiti (“to obtain by begging”)

   6. to a limited degree

      ‎pri- + ‎rẹ́zati (“to cut”) → ‎prirẹ́zati (“to clip, to trim”)

Derived terms

Slovene terms prefixed with pri-

priti

prijaviti

pristati

priznati