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przy

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: przy-

Old Polish

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Etymology

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    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pri. First attested in the 14th century.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /pr̝i/
    • IPA(key): (15th CE) /pr̝i/

    Preposition

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    przy [with locative]

    1. by, at, next to, near
    2. with, alongside
    3. denotes a simultaneous event at
    4. denotes ownership with, at
    5. denotes action performed by someone
    6. besides, aside from, furthermore

    Derived terms

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    adverb
    prefix

    Descendants

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    • Polish: przy
    • Silesian: przi

    References

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    Polish

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    Etymology

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      Inherited from Old Polish przy.

      Pronunciation

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      • Audio 1:(file)
      • Audio 2:(file)
      • Rhymes:
      • Syllabification: przy

      Preposition

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      przy [with locative]

      1. by, at, next to, near
        Synonyms: u, pod, blisko, niedaleko
        Ona siedziała przy mnie.She sat near me.
      2. in front of (in the presence of, or in contrast to)
        Synonym: przed
        Nie rób tego przy dzieciach!Don't do that in front of the children!
        Przy nim wyglądał bardzo nisko.He looked very short next to him.
      3. indicates belonging to something higher in position or power
        Guziki przy sweterze.Sweater buttons.
        Asystent przy szefie.The boss's assistant.
      4. at (indicates rate)
        Wypadek przy pięćdziesięciu kilometrach na godzinę.An accident at fifty kilometers an hour.
      5. over
        Pogadamy o tym przy piwie.We'll talk about this over a beer.
      6. in; with; at
        Pracuję przy przetwarzniu danych.I work at data processing.
        Pomaga mi przy zbiorach.She helps me with the harvest.

      Derived terms

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      conjunctions
      prefix

      Trivia

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      According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), przy is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 286 times in scientific texts, 233 times in news, 187 times in essays, 182 times in fiction, and 107 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 995 times, making it the 30th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

      References

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      1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990), “przy”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[1] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 463

      Further reading

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