pu'am

Old Tupi

Alternative forms

• pu'ã

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *puʔam.

Verb

pu'am (first-person singular active indicative apu'am, first-person singular negative active indicative n'apu'ami, first-person singular gerund gûipu'ama, noun pu'ama) (intransitive)

1. to stand (to support oneself on the feet in an erect position)

   Synonym: 'am

2. to stand up (to rise from a lying or sitting position)

   Synonym: bur

3. to assault [with esé or ri]
4. to oppose [with esé or ri]

Conjugation

    Conjugation of pu'am (intransitive, consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)

Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.

Causative	mopu'am
Causative-comitative	eropu'am
Deverbals
-ba'e	opu'amyba'e
-sab(a)	pu'ambaba
-sar(a)	pu'ambara
	Singular		Singular & Plural	Plural
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person exclusive	1st person inclusive	2nd person
Verbal forms
Active
Indicative	apu'am	erepu'am	opu'am	oropu'am	îapu'am	pepu'am
Permissive	t'apu'am	t'erepu'am	t'opu'am	t'oropu'am	t'îapu'am	ta pepu'am
Imperative		epu'am				pepu'am
Negative indicative	n'apu'ami	n'erepu'ami	n'opu'ami	n'oropu'ami	n'îapu'ami	na pepu'ami
Negative permissive	t'apu'am umẽ	t'erepu'am umẽ	t'opu'am umẽ	t'oropu'am umẽ	t'îapu'am umẽ	ta pepu'am umẽ
Negative imperative		epu'am umẽ				pepu'am umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative	gûipu'ama	epu'ama	opu'ama	oropu'ama	îapu'ama	pepu'ama
Negative	gûipu'ame'yma	epu'ame'yma	opu'ame'yma	oropu'ame'yma	îapu'ame'yma	pepu'ame'yma
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative	pu'ama
Negative	pu'ame'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative	xe pu'ami		i pu'ami	oré pu'ami	îandé pu'ami
Negative	xe pu'ame'ymi		i pu'ame'ymi	oré pu'ame'ymi	îandé pu'ame'ymi

Descendants

• Nheengatu: puãmu

References

• Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “pu'am”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 407, column 2