rosin

See also: Rosin

English

violin/bow rosin (1)

Alternative forms

• rosil, rozin (obsolete)

Etymology

From Old French raisine, rousine, variants of résine. See resin.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈɹɒz.ən/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈɹɑz.ən/
• (dialectal) IPA^(key): /ˈɹɑz.əm/, /ˈɹɔz.əm/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Noun

rosin (countable and uncountable, plural rosins)

1. (organic chemistry) A solid form of resin, obtained from liquid resin by vaporizing its volatile components.
   • 1998, Neville H. Fletcher, Thomas Rossing, The Physics of Musical Instruments, 2nd edition, Springer Science & Business, →ISBN, page 284:

     The action of the bow therefore depends almost entirely upon the application of rosin and upon its frictional properties. Violin rosin is a natural gum obtained from conifers such as larch that produce turpentine.

2. Resin.
   • 1834, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], The Last Days of Pompeii. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Richard Bentley, […]; successor to Henry Colburn, →OCLC:

     ‘It is delicate,’ said Pansa, ‘but there is perhaps the least particle too much of rosin in its flavor.’

   • 1883, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], chapter 16, in Life on the Mississippi, Boston, Mass.: James R[ipley] Osgood and Company, →OCLC:

     From three o'clock onward they would be burning rosin and pitch pine (the sign of preparation), and so one had the picturesque spectacle of a rank, some two or three miles long, of tall, ascending columns of coal-black smoke; […]

   • 1894 [1892], Arthur Conan Doyle, “Lot No. 249”, in Round the Red Lamp […] :

     A thick, fat smoke oozed out from the fire, and a heavy smell of burned rosin and singed hair filled the air.

Synonyms

• colophony
• Greek pitch

Derived terms

• rosin oil
• rosin paper
• rosiny

Translations

solid form of resin

• Afrikaans: kolofonium
• Armenian: կոլոփոն (hy) (kolopʻon)
• Bashkir: канифоль (kanifol)
• Basque: kolofonia
• Belarusian: каніфо́ль f (kanifólʹ)
• Bulgarian: колофо́н m (kolofón)
• Catalan: colofònia f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 松香 (zh) (sōngxiāng)

• Chuvash: канифоль (kanifolʹ)
• Czech: kalafuna f
• Danish: kolofonium n
• Dutch: colofonium (nl) n
• Eastern Mari: канифоль (kańifoĺ)
• Esperanto: kolofono
• Estonian: kolofoonium
• Finnish: hartsi (fi)
• French: colophane (fr) f
• German: Kolophonium (de) n
• Greek: κολοφώνιο (el) n (kolofónio)
• Hindi: गंधराल (gandhrāl), रोज़िन (rozin)
• Hungarian: gyanta (hu)
• Ido: kolofono (io)
• Indonesian: gondorukem (id)
• Irish: roisín m
• Italian: colofonia (it) f
• Japanese: ロジン (rojin)
• Javanese: gandarukem
• Kannada: ಗಟ್ಟಿಯಾದ ರಾಳ (kn) (gaṭṭiyāda rāḷa), ಕರ್ಪೂರ ರಾಳ (kn) (karpūra rāḷa)
• Kazakh: канифоль (kanifol)
• Korean: 송진 (songjin)
• Kyrgyz: канифоль (kanifol)
• Latvian: kolofonijs m
• Lithuanian: kanifolija f
• Macedonian: колофониум m (kolofonium)
• Navajo: jeeh sááʼ
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: kolofonium n

  Nynorsk: kolofonium n

• Occitan: colofònia f
• Ossetian: канифоль (kanifolʹ)
• Ottoman Turkish: رچینه (reçine)
• Pannonian Rusyn: дянта f (djanta)
• Polish: kalafonia (pl) f
• Portuguese: colofónia (pt) f, (Brazil) colofônia f
• Romanian: colofoniu (ro) n, sacâz (ro) n
• Russian: канифо́ль (ru) f (kanifólʹ)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: коло̀фо̄нӣј m

  Roman: kolòfōnīj (sh) m

• Slovak: kolofónia (sk) f
• Slovene: kolofonija f
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: kolofonium m

  Upper Sorbian: kolofonium m

• Spanish: colofonia f
• Swedish: kolofonium (sv) n
• Tagalog: koloponya
• Tajik: канифол (kanifol)
• Thai: ชันสน (chan-sŏn)
• Turkish: kolofan (tr)
• Turkmen: kanifol
• Ukrainian: каніфо́ль f (kanifólʹ)
• Welsh: coloffoni m
• Yakut: канифоль (kanifol)

liquid resin — see resin

Verb

rosin (third-person singular simple present rosins, present participle rosining, simple past and past participle rosined)

1. (transitive) To apply rosin to (something); to rub or cover with rosin.

   We waited expectantly as the guest violinist rosined his bow in preparation for playing.

   • 1979, “The Devil Went Down to Georgia”, in Charlie Daniels, Tom Crain, "Taz" DiGregorio, Fred Edwards, Charles Hayward, James W. Marshall (lyrics), Million Mile Reflections, performed by Charlie Daniels Band:

     The devil opened up his case and he said, "I'll start this show."
     And fire flew from his fingertips as he rosined up his bow.

Anagrams

• Niros, Orins, irons, siron, Irons, noris, Sinor, noirs, ornis, RINOs, Rinos, roins, inros, Rison

Danish

Etymology

From Middle Low German rosin, rosine, from Old French rosin, from Latin racemus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rosin/, [ʁoˈsiˀn]
• Rhymes: -in

Noun

rosin c (singular definite rosinen, plural indefinite rosiner)

1. raisin

Declension

Declension of rosin

common gender	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	rosin	rosinen	rosiner	rosinerne
genitive	rosins	rosinens	rosiners	rosinernes

Estonian

rosinad

Etymology

From either Middle Low German rosîn(e) or German Rosine, from Old French raisin (whence also French raisin and English raisin), from Late Latin racīmus, from Latin racēmus. First attested in the 17th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrosin/, [ˈrosʲin]
• Rhymes: -osin
• Hyphenation: ro‧sin

Noun

rosin (genitive rosina, partitive rosinat)

1. raisin (dried grape)

Declension

Declension of rosin (ÕS type 2/õpik, no gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		rosin	rosinad
accusative	nom.
	gen.	rosina
genitive			rosinate
partitive		rosinat	rosinaid
illative		rosinasse	rosinatesse rosinaisse
inessive		rosinas	rosinates rosinais
elative		rosinast	rosinatest rosinaist
allative		rosinale	rosinatele rosinaile
adessive		rosinal	rosinatel rosinail
ablative		rosinalt	rosinatelt rosinailt
translative		rosinaks	rosinateks rosinaiks
terminative		rosinani	rosinateni
essive		rosinana	rosinatena
abessive		rosinata	rosinateta
comitative		rosinaga	rosinatega

Compounds

• rosinakeeks
• rosinakohuke
• rosinakukkel
• rosinapuding
• rosinasai

References

• rosin in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
• “rosin”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
• Jüri Viikberg (2016) “rosin”, in [ASL] Alamsaksa laensõnad eesti keeles [Low German Loanwords in the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online dictionary)

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Latin racemus, via French raisin.

Noun

rosin f or m (definite singular rosina or rosinen, indefinite plural rosiner, definite plural rosinene)

1. raisin

References

• “rosin” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Latin racemus, via French raisin.

Noun

rosin f (definite singular rosina, indefinite plural rosiner, definite plural rosinene)

1. raisin

References

• “rosin” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Volapük

Noun

rosin (nominative plural rosins)

1. raisin

Declension

Declension of rosin

	singular	plural
nominative	rosin	rosins
genitive	rosina	rosinas
dative	rosine	rosines
accusative	rosini	rosinis
vocative 1	o rosin!	o rosins!
predicative 2	rosinu	rosinus

¹ status as a case is disputed
² in later, non-classical Volapük only