rudoyer

French

Etymology

From rude +‎ -oyer.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁy.dwa.je/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

rudoyer

1. (transitive) to treat harshly, mistreat
2. (transitive) to humiliate, humble (violently)

Conjugation

This verb is part of a large group of -er verbs that conjugate like noyer or ennuyer. These verbs always replace the 'y' with an 'i' before a silent 'e'.

Conjugation of rudoyer (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	rudoyer
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	rudoyant /ʁy.dwa.jɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		rudoyé /ʁy.dwa.je/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	rudoie /ʁy.dwa/	rudoies /ʁy.dwa/	rudoie /ʁy.dwa/	rudoyons /ʁy.dwa.jɔ̃/	rudoyez /ʁy.dwa.je/	rudoient /ʁy.dwa/
	imperfect	rudoyais /ʁy.dwa.jɛ/	rudoyais /ʁy.dwa.jɛ/	rudoyait /ʁy.dwa.jɛ/	rudoyions /ʁy.dwaj.jɔ̃/	rudoyiez /ʁy.dwaj.je/	rudoyaient /ʁy.dwa.jɛ/
	past historic2	rudoyai /ʁy.dwa.je/	rudoyas /ʁy.dwa.ja/	rudoya /ʁy.dwa.ja/	rudoyâmes /ʁy.dwa.jam/	rudoyâtes /ʁy.dwa.jat/	rudoyèrent /ʁy.dwa.jɛʁ/
	future	rudoierai /ʁy.dwa.ʁe/	rudoieras /ʁy.dwa.ʁa/	rudoiera /ʁy.dwa.ʁa/	rudoierons /ʁy.dwa.ʁɔ̃/	rudoierez /ʁy.dwa.ʁe/	rudoieront /ʁy.dwa.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	rudoierais /ʁy.dwa.ʁɛ/	rudoierais /ʁy.dwa.ʁɛ/	rudoierait /ʁy.dwa.ʁɛ/	rudoierions /ʁy.dwa.ʁjɔ̃/	rudoieriez /ʁy.dwa.ʁje/	rudoieraient /ʁy.dwa.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	rudoie /ʁy.dwa/	rudoies /ʁy.dwa/	rudoie /ʁy.dwa/	rudoyions /ʁy.dwaj.jɔ̃/	rudoyiez /ʁy.dwaj.je/	rudoient /ʁy.dwa/
	imperfect2	rudoyasse /ʁy.dwa.jas/	rudoyasses /ʁy.dwa.jas/	rudoyât /ʁy.dwa.ja/	rudoyassions /ʁy.dwa.ja.sjɔ̃/	rudoyassiez /ʁy.dwa.ja.sje/	rudoyassent /ʁy.dwa.jas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	rudoie /ʁy.dwa/	—	rudoyons /ʁy.dwa.jɔ̃/	rudoyez /ʁy.dwa.je/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

• “rudoyer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.