sabulum

Latin

Alternative forms

sablum

Etymology

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *sámh₂-dʰ- (compare Ancient Greek ἄμαθος (ámathos), ψάμμος (psámmos), English sand, and possibly Old Armenian աւազ (awaz)) with a diminutive suffix -ulum. However, according to the EIEC, such a reconstruction is phonotactically impossible.^[1] More recent scholarship considers the Latin to be from a European substrate,^[2] with the original form *(p)sam- or *sab⁽ʰ⁾-. Under this view, the terms listed with *sámh₂-dʰ- are cognate and derived from the same substrate continuum, but not the ones listed with *sem(h₂)-.^[3]

Noun

sabulum n (genitive sabulī); second declension

alternative form of sabulō

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

	singular	plural
nominative	sabulum	sabula
genitive	sabulī	sabulōrum
dative	sabulō	sabulīs
accusative	sabulum	sabula
ablative	sabulō	sabulīs
vocative	sabulum	sabula

Derived terms

sabulōsus

Descendants

Asturian: sable
Dutch: zavel
French: sable
Galician: xabre, saibro
Italian: sabbia
Occitan: sabla
Portuguese: saibro
Spanish: sable

References

^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*samh₂dʰos”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 499
^ Pronk, Tijmen (2019), “Proto-Indo-European *a”, in Indo-European Linguistics, volume 7, page 154 of 122–163: “*(p)sa(m)(a)dʰ- ‘sand’ (Lat. sabulum)”
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “sabulum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 531

“sabulum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“sabulum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
"sabulum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
“sabulum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

[1] Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*samh₂dʰos”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 499

[2] Pronk, Tijmen (2019), “Proto-Indo-European *a”, in Indo-European Linguistics, volume 7, page 154 of 122–163: “*(p)sa(m)(a)dʰ- ‘sand’ (Lat. sabulum)”

[3] De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “sabulum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 531

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