sefyll
Welsh
Etymology
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From Proto-Brythonic *stab-, from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-. Cognate with Breton sevel, Cornish sav.
Pronunciation
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Verb
sefyll (first-person singular present safaf, not mutable)
Conjugation
Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | safaf | safi | saif | safwn | safwch | safant | safir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
safwn | safit | safai | safem | safech | safent | safid | |
| preterite | safais | safaist | safodd | safasom | safasoch | safasant | safwyd | |
| pluperfect | safaswn | safasit | safasai | safasem | safasech | safasent | safasid, safesid | |
| present subjunctive | safwyf | safych | safo | safom | safoch | safont | safer | |
| imperative | — | saf | safed | safwn | safwch | safent | safer | |
| verbal noun | sefyll | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | safedig safadwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | safa i, safaf i | safi di | safith o/e/hi, safiff e/hi | safwn ni | safwch chi | safan nhw |
| conditional | safwn i, safswn i | safet ti, safset ti | safai fo/fe/hi, safsai fo/fe/hi | safen ni, safsen ni | safech chi, safsech chi | safen nhw, safsen nhw |
| preterite | safais i, safes i | safaist ti, safest ti | safodd o/e/hi | safon ni | safoch chi | safon nhw |
| imperative | — | safa | — | — | safwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Synonyms
- (to stop): aros
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “safaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies