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m
locust
Erichsen, Wolja (1954 ) Demotisches Glossar , Copenhagen: Ejnar Munksgaard, page 482
2-lit.
( transitive ) to break into pieces [since the Pyramid Texts]
( transitive ) to force open or cut open
( transitive , figuratively ) to defeat , to break the power of
( transitive , figuratively ) to eliminate or disperse (bad weather , disease , etc.)
( transitive , figuratively ) to make traversable (places or paths)
( intransitive , of wounds) to break out
Conjugation of sḏ (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: sḏ , geminated stem: sḏḏ
infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive1
singular
plural
sḏ
sḏw , sḏ
sḏt
sḏ , j.sḏ
sḏ , j.sḏ
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem
periphrastic imperfective 2
periphrastic prospective 2
sḏ
ḥr sḏ
m sḏ
r sḏ
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood
active
passive
contingent
aspect / mood
active
passive
perfect
sḏ.n
sḏw , sḏ
consecutive
sḏ.jn
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
terminative
sḏt
perfective 3
sḏ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
obligative1
sḏ.ḫr
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
imperfective
sḏ , j.sḏ 1
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
prospective 3
sḏ
sḏḏ
potentialis1
sḏ.kꜣ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
subjunctive
sḏ , j.sḏ 1
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
sḏ.n
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
—
—
perfective
sḏ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
sḏ
sḏḏ , sḏḏj 6 , sḏ 2 , sḏw 2 5 , sḏy 2 5
imperfective
j.sḏ 1 , sḏ , sḏy , sḏw 5
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
j.sḏ 1 , j.sḏw 1 5 , sḏ , sḏj 6 , sḏy 6
sḏ , sḏw 5
prospective
sḏ , sḏtj 7
—
sḏtj 4 , sḏt 4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f /.fj , feminine .s /.sj , dual .sn /.snj , plural .sn .
Only in the masculine singular.
Only in the masculine.
Only in the feminine.
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sḏ
Erman, Adolf , Grapow, Hermann (1930 ) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache [1] , volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN , pages 373.8–375.7
Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962 ) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian , Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN , page 257
James P[eter] Allen (2010 ) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs , 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN , page 253 .