torvus
Latin
Etymology
Of disputed origin[1]; proposed derivations include:
- From Proto-Indo-European *twerḱ- (“to cut”), a root common to Ancient Greek σάρξ (sárx, “meat, flesh”) and Latin trux (“wild, ferocious”).
- From Proto-Indo-European *trewd- (“to squeeze; push; press”), the same root of English threat, Latin trudō (“I thrust”), Ancient Greek τάρβος (tárbos, “terror; awe”) and Welsh tarfu (“to scare away”).
- From Proto-Indo-European *terkʷ- (“to turn”). Cognates include Latin torqueō (“I wind, twist”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈtor.u̯us/, [ˈt̪ɔru̯ʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈtor.vus/, [ˈt̪ɔrvus]
Adjective
torvus (feminine torva, neuter torvum); first/second-declension adjective
Declension
First/second-declension adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | torvus | torva | torvum | torvī | torvae | torva | |
Genitive | torvī | torvae | torvī | torvōrum | torvārum | torvōrum | |
Dative | torvō | torvō | torvīs | ||||
Accusative | torvum | torvam | torvum | torvōs | torvās | torva | |
Ablative | torvō | torvā | torvō | torvīs | |||
Vocative | torve | torva | torvum | torvī | torvae | torva |
Descendants
References
- “torvus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “torvus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- torvus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- ^ Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1954) “torvus”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 695