triumphus

Latin

Etymology

From Old Latin triumpus, via Etruscan *𐌕𐌓𐌉𐌀𐌌𐌐𐌄 (θriampe), ultimately from Ancient Greek θρίαμβος (thríambos, “thriambos, a hymn to Dionysus”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /triˈum.pʰus/, [t̪riˈʊmpʰʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /triˈum.fus/, [t̪riˈumfus]

Noun

triumphus m (genitive triumphī); second declension

1. a hymn in honor of Bacchus (translating Greek θρίαμβος)
2. (vocative, addressing Thriambus) triumpe (a ritual exclamation of the Arval brothers)
3. the Roman Triumph (a ceremonial procession in celebration of a military victory)
4. triumph, celebration (any celebration of victory)

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Cicero to this entry?)

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Plinius to this entry?)

Declension

Second-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	triumphus	triumphī
Genitive	triumphī	triumphōrum
Dative	triumphō	triumphīs
Accusative	triumphum	triumphōs
Ablative	triumphō	triumphīs
Vocative	triumphe	triumphī

Descendants

• Dutch: triomf
• English: triumph
• Finnish: triumfi
• French: triomphe
• German: Triumph
• Italian: trionfo
• Piedmontese: trionf/triunf
• Portuguese: triunfo
• Romanian: triumf, trufă "(Possibly)"
• Russian: триу́мф (triúmf)
• Spanish: triunfo

References

• “triumphus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “triumphus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• triumphus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• triumphus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to triumph over some one: triumphum agere de or ex aliquo or c. Gen. (victoriae, pugnae)
    
  • to lead some one in triumph: per triumphum (in triumpho) aliquem ducere
    
  • the senate decrees to Africanus the honours of a triumph: triumphum senatus Africano decernit (Fin. 4. 9. 22)
    
• “triumphus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “triumphus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin