turbot

English

Scophthalmus maximus

Etymology

From Middle English turbot, turbut, from Anglo-Norman turbut, Old French turbot, torbot, from Old Swedish tornbut, from törn (“thorn”) + but (“butt, flatfish”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈtɜːbət/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈtɝbət/

Noun

turbot (plural turbot or turbots)

1. Any of species Scophthalmus maximus (syn. Psetta maxima) of flatfish native to Europe.
   • 1901 [1878], Constance Garnett, transl., Anna Karenina‎^[1], translation of Анна Каренина by Leo Tolstoy:

     “With vegetables in it, you know. Then turbot with thick sauce, then ... roast beef; and mind it’s good. Yes, and capons, perhaps, and then sweets.”

2. Any of various other flatfishes of family Scophthalmidae that are found in marine or brackish waters.
   • 1931, Francis Beeding, “1/1”, in Death Walks in Eastrepps‎^[2]:

     Eldridge closed the despatch-case with a snap and, rising briskly, walked down the corridor to his solitary table in the dining-car. Mulligatawny soup, poached turbot, roast leg of lamb—the usual railway dinner.

3. A triggerfish (Canthidermis sufflamen).

Derived terms

• diamond turbot
• spotted turbot

Translations

Scophthalmus maximus

• Albanian: shkoter, shkotra
• Asturian: rodaballu (ast)
• Bulgarian: калкан (bg) m (kalkan)
• Catalan: rèmol empetxinat (ca) m, turbot (ca) m
• Danish: pighvar c
• Dutch: tarbot (nl)
• Faroese: hvassasprek n
• Finnish: piikkikampela (fi)
• French: turbot (fr)
• Galician: rodaballo (gl) m
• German: Steinbutt (de) m
• Greek:

  Ancient Greek: ῥόμβος m (rhómbos)

• Italian: rombo (it) m
• Latin: rhombus
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: piggvar m

• Polish: skarp (pl) m, turbot (pl) m
• Portuguese: pregado (pt)
• Slovene: romb (sl) m, veliki robec m
• Spanish: rodaballo m
• Swedish: piggvar (sv) c
• Turkish: kalkan balığı (tr)

  Ottoman Turkish: قلقان بالغی (kalkan balığı)

any of various flatfishes of family Scophthalmidae

• Albanian: romb (sq) m
• Bulgarian: калка́н (bg) m (kalkán)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 多寶魚 / 多宝鱼 (do¹ bou² jyu^4-2)

  Mandarin: 大菱鮃 / 大菱鲆 (zh) (dàlíngpíng)

• Danish: pighvar c
• Estonian: kammeljas
• Finnish: piikkikampela (fi)
• French: turbot (fr) m
• Galician: rodaballo (gl) m, escamudo (gl) m, coruxo m
• German: Steinbutt (de) m
• Greek: καλκάνι (el) n (kalkáni)
• Hungarian: rombuszhal (hu)
• Italian: rombo (it) m
• Japanese: ターボット (tābotto)
• Norman: turbot m (Jersey)
• Norwegian: piggvar
• Polish: skarp (pl) m, turbot (pl) m
• Portuguese: pregado (pt), rodovalho (pt)
• Russian: па́лтус (ru) m (páltus)
• Scottish Gaelic: bacan cearr m, pacach-cearr
• Spanish: rodaballo m
• Swedish: piggvar (sv)
• Turkish: kalkan balığı (tr)

  Ottoman Turkish: قلقان بالغی (kalkan balığı)

triggerfish — see triggerfish

References

• turbot on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Scophthalmidae on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
• Category:Scophthalmidae on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons

Catalan

Alternative forms

• turbó

Etymology

Borrowed from French turbot.

Noun

turbot m (plural turbots)

1. turbot

   Synonyms: rèmol empetxinat, rèvola

Further reading

• “turbot”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French [Term?], from Old Swedish törnbut, from törn (“thorn”) + but (“butt”). The name may have arisen because the fish has an appearance similar to a stump.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tyʁ.bo/

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

  (file)

Noun

turbot m (plural turbots)

1. turbot

Descendants

• → Catalan: turbot
• → English: turbot

Further reading

• “turbot”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Norman

Etymology

From Old French turbot.

Noun

turbot m (plural turbots)

1. (Jersey) turbot

Polish

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtur.bɔt/
• Rhymes: -urbɔt
• Syllabification: tur‧bot

Noun

turbot m animal

1. turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

   Synonym: skarp

Declension

Declension of turbot

	singular	plural
nominative	turbot	turboty
genitive	turbota	turbotów
dative	turbotowi	turbotom
accusative	turbota	turboty
instrumental	turbotem	turbotami
locative	turbocie	turbotach
vocative	turbocie	turboty

Further reading

• turbot in Polish dictionaries at PWN