vernir
French
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /vɛʁ.niʁ/
Audio: (file) Audio (Switzerland (Valais)): (file) Audio (France (Vosges)): (file) Audio (France (Lyon)): (file) Audio (France (Somain)): (file)
Verb
[edit]vernir
- to varnish
Conjugation
[edit]This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of vernir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | vernir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | vernissant /vɛʁ.ni.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | verni /vɛʁ.ni/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | vernis /vɛʁ.ni/ |
vernis /vɛʁ.ni/ |
vernit /vɛʁ.ni/ |
vernissons /vɛʁ.ni.sɔ̃/ |
vernissez /vɛʁ.ni.se/ |
vernissent /vɛʁ.nis/ |
| imperfect | vernissais /vɛʁ.ni.sɛ/ |
vernissais /vɛʁ.ni.sɛ/ |
vernissait /vɛʁ.ni.sɛ/ |
vernissions /vɛʁ.ni.sjɔ̃/ |
vernissiez /vɛʁ.ni.sje/ |
vernissaient /vɛʁ.ni.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | vernis /vɛʁ.ni/ |
vernis /vɛʁ.ni/ |
vernit /vɛʁ.ni/ |
vernîmes /vɛʁ.nim/ |
vernîtes /vɛʁ.nit/ |
vernirent /vɛʁ.niʁ/ | |
| future | vernirai /vɛʁ.ni.ʁe/ |
verniras /vɛʁ.ni.ʁa/ |
vernira /vɛʁ.ni.ʁa/ |
vernirons /vɛʁ.ni.ʁɔ̃/ |
vernirez /vɛʁ.ni.ʁe/ |
verniront /vɛʁ.ni.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | vernirais /vɛʁ.ni.ʁɛ/ |
vernirais /vɛʁ.ni.ʁɛ/ |
vernirait /vɛʁ.ni.ʁɛ/ |
vernirions /vɛʁ.ni.ʁjɔ̃/ |
verniriez /vɛʁ.ni.ʁje/ |
verniraient /vɛʁ.ni.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | vernisse /vɛʁ.nis/ |
vernisses /vɛʁ.nis/ |
vernisse /vɛʁ.nis/ |
vernissions /vɛʁ.ni.sjɔ̃/ |
vernissiez /vɛʁ.ni.sje/ |
vernissent /vɛʁ.nis/ |
| imperfect2 | vernisse /vɛʁ.nis/ |
vernisses /vɛʁ.nis/ |
vernît /vɛʁ.ni/ |
vernissions /vɛʁ.ni.sjɔ̃/ |
vernissiez /vɛʁ.ni.sje/ |
vernissent /vɛʁ.nis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | vernis /vɛʁ.ni/ |
— | vernissons /vɛʁ.ni.sɔ̃/ |
vernissez /vɛʁ.ni.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “vernir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012