ym-

See also: ym, Ym, and ym.

Manx

Prefix

ym-

1. circum-, peri-, around

Derived terms

Manx terms prefixed with ym-

Welsh

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi (“round about, around”). Cognate with Cornish om-, Latin amb- (“around, about”), ambi- (“both”), English um-, umb- (“around, about”), Ancient Greek ἀμφί (amphí, “around, about”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /əm/

Prefix

ym-

1. self, reflexive prefix

   ‎ym- + ‎golchi (“wash”) → ‎ymolchi (“wash oneself, have a wash”)

   ‎ym- + ‎uno (“to unite”) → ‎ymuno (“to join”)

   ‎ym- + ‎diswyddo (“dismiss, discharge”) → ‎ymddiswyddo (“resign”)

2. each other, mutual, reciprocal prefix

   ‎ym- + ‎gweld (“to see”) → ‎ymweld (“to visit”)

   ‎ym- + ‎lladd (“to kill”) → ‎ymladd (“to fight”)

   ‎ym- + ‎holi (“ask”) → ‎ymholi (“to inquire”)

Usage notes

In many words, the original reflexive or reciprocal force of this prefix has now been lost and the relationship between the root and derived words is not always apparent, e.g. ymosod (“to attack”) from gosod (“to put, to place”), ymollwng (“to succumb, to flop”) from gollwng (“to leak, to drop”).

Derived terms

Welsh terms prefixed with ym-

Mutation

Mutated forms of ym-

radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
ym-	unchanged	unchanged	hym-

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ym-”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies