zfṯ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈzaːfac/ → /ˈsaːfaʔ/ → /ˈsoːfə/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈzaːfac/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈsaːfaʔ/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈsoːfə/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /zɛfɛt͡ʃ/
  • Conventional anglicization: zefetj

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) to slaughter

Inflection

Conjugation of zfṯ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: zfṯ, geminated stem: zfṯṯ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
zfṯ	zfṯw, zfṯ	zfṯt	zfṯ	zfṯ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
zfṯ	ḥr zfṯ	m zfṯ	r zfṯ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	zfṯ.n	zfṯw, zfṯ	consecutive	zfṯ.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	zfṯt
perfective3	zfṯ	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	zfṯ.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	zfṯ	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	zfṯ	zfṯṯ	potentialis1	zfṯ.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	zfṯ	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	zfṯ.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	zfṯ	active + .tj1, .tw2	zfṯ	zfṯ, zfṯw5, zfṯy5
imperfective	zfṯ, zfṯy, zfṯw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	zfṯ, zfṯj6, zfṯy6	zfṯ, zfṯw5
prospective	zfṯ, zfṯtj7	—	zfṯtj4, zfṯt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of zfṯ  

zft

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 332.