zmiana
See also: zmianą
Kashubian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Etymology tree
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьzměna. By surface analysis, deverbal from zmienic.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]zmiana f
- change, shift (quality of not being the same as before)
- shift (scheduled period of time for a group of workers)
- shift (group of workers working at that defined period)
Derived terms
[edit]adjective
adverb
Related terms
[edit]noun
Further reading
[edit]- Stefan Ramułt (1893), “zmjana”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 271
- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “zmiana”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[2]
- “zmiana”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Etymology tree
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьzměna. First attested in the 16th century.[1] By surface analysis, deverbal from zmienić.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]zmiana f
- change, shift (process or result of not being the same as before)
- change (process or result of replacing someone or something)
- shift (time in which a different group of workers start working)
- pierwsza/druga/trzecia zmiana ― first/second/third shift
- shift (workers working at such a time)
- change (set of sheets for sleeping)
- (obsolete, theater) scene (part of a play or musical in which the curtains drop and decorations change)
- Synonym: odsłona
- (obsolete, agriculture) division of a field during crop rotation
Declension
[edit]Declension of zmiana
Derived terms
[edit]adjective
adverb
noun
Related terms
[edit]adverb
Trivia
[edit]According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), zmiana is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 80 times in scientific texts, 36 times in news, 68 times in essays, 19 times in fiction, and 6 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 209 times, making it the 265th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[2]
References
[edit]- ^ Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “zmiana”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- ^ Ida Kurcz (1990), “zmiana”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language][1] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 777
Further reading
[edit]- “zmiana”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego[3] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- “zmiana”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN[4] (in Polish)
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “zmiana”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “zmiana”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1927), “zmiana”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 8, Warsaw, page 554
- zmiana in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
Silesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Etymology tree
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьzměna. By surface analysis, deverbal from zmiynić.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]zmiana f (diminutive zmianka or zmiynka)
- change, shift (quality of not being the same as before)
- shift (scheduled period of time for a group of workers)
- shift (group of workers working at that defined period)
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- zmiana in silling.org
Categories:
- Kashubian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Kashubian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁éǵʰs
- Kashubian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mey- (change)
- Kashubian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Kashubian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Kashubian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Kashubian deverbals
- Kashubian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Kashubian/ana
- Rhymes:Kashubian/ana/2 syllables
- Kashubian lemmas
- Kashubian nouns
- Kashubian feminine nouns
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mey- (change)
- Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁éǵʰs
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish deverbals
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Polish
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ana
- Rhymes:Polish/ana/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish feminine nouns
- Polish terms with collocations
- Polish terms with obsolete senses
- pl:Theater
- pl:Agriculture
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Silesian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mey- (change)
- Silesian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁éǵʰs
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian deverbals
- Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Silesian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Silesian/ana
- Rhymes:Silesian/ana/2 syllables
- Silesian lemmas
- Silesian nouns
- Silesian feminine nouns