zn

See also: ZN, Zn, zN, and z'n

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /zɛn/
  • Conventional anglicization: zen

Verb

 2-lit.

1. (transitive) to open

Inflection

Conjugation of zn (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: zn, geminated stem: znn

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
zn	znw, zn	znt	zn, j.zn	zn, j.zn

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
zn	ḥr zn	m zn	r zn

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	zn.n	znw, zn	consecutive	zn.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	znt
perfective3	zn	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	zn.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	zn, j.zn1	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	zn	znn	potentialis1	zn.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	zn, j.zn1	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	zn.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	zn	active + .tj1, .tw2	zn	znn, znnj6, zn2, znw2 5, zny2 5
imperfective	j.zn1, zn, zny, znw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	j.zn1, j.znw1 5, zn, znj6, zny6	zn, znw5
prospective	zn, zntj7	—	zntj4, znt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 297.