θώραξ

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Ancient Greek

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Related to Mycenaean Greek 𐀵𐀨𐀐 (to-ra-ke), a technical word without etymology; probably a loan from Pre-Greek or some other substrate, based on the variant θύραξ (thúrax) showing variation ω/υ and the suffix -ᾱκ-. Traditionally compared to, but unrelated to, Latin firmus (strong, firm), Sanskrit धारका (dhārakā, container) (see Pokorny);[1] however, Latin lōrīca (breastplate) may be cognate via the same substrate. The medical "trunk" meaning is probably secondary from the "armor" meaning.[2]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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θώρᾱξ (thṓrāxm (genitive θώρᾱκος); third declension

  1. corselet
  2. linen jerkin
  3. coat of mail, cuirass
  4. slough of a serpent
    Synonyms: λεβηρίς (lebērís), σῦφαρ (sûphar)
  5. (anatomy) trunk, thorax
  6. bandage for the chest

Declension

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Greek: θώρακας (thórakas)
  • Latin: thōrāx (see there for further descendants)

References

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  1. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “2. dher-, dherə-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 252-255
  2. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “θώραξ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 569

Further reading

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