ג־ו־ר

Hebrew

Etymology 1

Close cognate to Aramaic ג־ו־ר (g‑w‑r, root relating to living abroad or proselytising) and Classical Syriac ܓܵܪ (gār, “to commit adultery”).

Other Semitic cognates include Phoenician 𐤂𐤓 (gr), Ugaritic 𐎂𐎗 (gr, “guest, resident alien”), Sabaean 𐩴𐩥𐩧 (gwr, “to sojourn”), Ge'ez ጎር (gor, “newcomer”) and Arabic ج و ر (j w r, root relating to neighbourhood).

Root

ג־ו־ר • (g-w-r) (hollow root)

1. Forming words relating to residing or sojourning.

Derived terms

Hebrew terms belonging to the root ג־ו־ר‎ (0 c, 3 e)

Verbs and verbal derivatives

• Pa'al: גָּר (gár, “to dwell”)
• Hitpa'el: הִתְגוֹרֵר (hitgorér, “to dwell”)
  • Verbal noun: הִתְגוֹרְרוּת (hitgorerút, “residing”)

Nouns and adjectives

• גֵּר (gér, “stranger, convert”)
• מָגוֹר (magór, “sojourning place”)
• מְגוּרָה (m'gurá, “granary; reservoir, compartment”), מְגוּרִים pl (m'gurím, “dwelling”) (uncertain)

References

• A. Murtonen (1989) “GWR”, in Hebrew in Its West Semitic Setting, Part I, Section Bb, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 130
• Klein, Ernest (1987) “גור”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎^[1], Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, page 95
• “ג־ו־ר”, in Hebrew dictionary and conjugation tables, Pealim.com

Etymology 2

Secondary form of root י־ג־ר (y-g-r), with which it forms a suppletive paradigm.

Root

ג־ו־ר • (g-w-r) (hollow root)

1. Forming words relating to fear.

Derived terms

Verbs

• Pa'al: יגור / יָגֹר (yɔḡor, “to fear”)

Nouns

• מָגוֹר (mɔḡor, “fear”)
• מְגוֹרָה (məḡorɔ, “fear”)
• מְגוּרָה (məḡurɔ, “fear”)

References

• A. Murtonen (1989) “GWR II”, in Hebrew in Its West Semitic Setting, Part I, Section Bb, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 130
• Klein, Ernest (1987) “גור^II”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎^[2], Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, page 95

Etymology 3

From Proto-Semitic *gVr- (“whelp”). Closely related to Aramaic גּוּר (gur) and Classical Syriac ܓܘܼܪܝܵܐ (gūryāʾ, “cub”). Standard Babylonian 𒄀𒅕𒊒 (girru, “lion”) and Arabic جَرْو (jarw, “cub”) are other Semitic relatives.

Root

ג־ו־ר • (g-w-r)

1. Forming words relating to the young of animals.

Derived terms

Nouns

• גּוּר (gúr, “cub”)
  • גּוּרִית f (gurít, “cub”)

References

• A. Murtonen (1989) “GWR Ⅳ”, in Hebrew in Its West Semitic Setting, Part I, Section Bb, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 130
• Klein, Ernest (1987) “גּוּר, גּוֹר”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎^[3], Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, page 95

Etymology 4

From Proto-West Semitic *gawar-, cognate to Arabic جَارَ (jāra, “to wrong”). Compare ג־ר־ה (g-r-h, base related to provoking).

Root

ג־ו־ר • (g-w-r) (hollow root)

1. Forming words relating to attack.

Derived terms

Verbs

• Pa'al: גָּר (gɔr, “to attack”)

References

• Klein, Ernest (1987) “גור^III”, in A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎^[4], Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN, page 95