निर्भय
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Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Sanskrit निर्भय (nirbhaya). By surface analysis, निर्- (nir-) + भय (bhay).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]निर्भय • (nirbhay) (indeclinable)
Further reading
[edit]- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “निर्भय”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
- Platts, John T. (1884) “निर्भय”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “निर्भय”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Marathi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Sanskrit निर्भय (nirbhaya). By surface analysis, निर्- (nir-) + भय (bhay). Compare Old Marathi 𑘡𑘲𑘨𑘿𑘥𑘧𑘝𑘰 (nīrbhayatā, “fearlessness”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]निर्भय • (nirbhay)
Further reading
[edit]- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “निर्भय”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “निर्भय”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
- दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “निर्भय”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- নিৰ্ভয় (Assamese script)
- ᬦᬶᬃᬪᬬ (Balinese script)
- নির্ভয় (Bengali script)
- 𑰡𑰰𑰨𑰿𑰥𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀦𑀺𑀭𑁆𑀪𑀬 (Brahmi script)
- နိရ်္ဘယ (Burmese script)
- નિર્ભય (Gujarati script)
- ਨਿਰ੍ਭਯ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌨𑌿𑌰𑍍𑌭𑌯 (Grantha script)
- ꦤꦶꦂꦨꦪ (Javanese script)
- 𑂢𑂱𑂩𑂹𑂦𑂨 (Kaithi script)
- ನಿರ್ಭಯ (Kannada script)
- និភ៌យ (Khmer script)
- ນິຣ຺ຠຍ (Lao script)
- നിര്ഭയ (Malayalam script)
- ᠨᡳᡵᢨᠠᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘡𑘱𑘨𑘿𑘥𑘧 (Modi script)
- ᠨᠢᠷᠪᠾᠠᠶ᠋ᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧁𑧒𑧈𑧠𑧅𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐣𑐶𑐬𑑂𑐨𑐫 (Newa script)
- ନିର୍ଭଯ (Odia script)
- ꢥꢶꢬ꣄ꢩꢫ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆤𑆴𑆫𑇀𑆨𑆪 (Sharada script)
- 𑖡𑖰𑖨𑖿𑖥𑖧 (Siddham script)
- නිර්භය (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩯𑩑𑩼 𑪙𑩳𑩻 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚝𑚮𑚤𑚶𑚡𑚣 (Takri script)
- நிர்ப⁴ய (Tamil script)
- నిర్భయ (Telugu script)
- นิรฺภย (Thai script)
- ནི་རྦྷ་ཡ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒢𑒱𑒩𑓂𑒦𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨝𑨁𑨫𑩇𑨡𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From निस्- (nis-, negative prefix) + भय (bhaya, “fear”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]निर्भय • (nirbhaya) stem
- fearless, undaunted, unafraid
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:निर्भय
- free from danger, safe, secure, tranquil
Declension
[edit]Masculine a-stem declension of निर्भय (nirbhaya) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | निर्भयः nirbhayaḥ |
निर्भयौ / निर्भया¹ nirbhayau / nirbhayā¹ |
निर्भयाः / निर्भयासः¹ nirbhayāḥ / nirbhayāsaḥ¹ |
Vocative | निर्भय nirbhaya |
निर्भयौ / निर्भया¹ nirbhayau / nirbhayā¹ |
निर्भयाः / निर्भयासः¹ nirbhayāḥ / nirbhayāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | निर्भयम् nirbhayam |
निर्भयौ / निर्भया¹ nirbhayau / nirbhayā¹ |
निर्भयान् nirbhayān |
Instrumental | निर्भयेण nirbhayeṇa |
निर्भयाभ्याम् nirbhayābhyām |
निर्भयैः / निर्भयेभिः¹ nirbhayaiḥ / nirbhayebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | निर्भयाय nirbhayāya |
निर्भयाभ्याम् nirbhayābhyām |
निर्भयेभ्यः nirbhayebhyaḥ |
Ablative | निर्भयात् nirbhayāt |
निर्भयाभ्याम् nirbhayābhyām |
निर्भयेभ्यः nirbhayebhyaḥ |
Genitive | निर्भयस्य nirbhayasya |
निर्भययोः nirbhayayoḥ |
निर्भयाणाम् nirbhayāṇām |
Locative | निर्भये nirbhaye |
निर्भययोः nirbhayayoḥ |
निर्भयेषु nirbhayeṣu |
Notes |
|
Feminine ā-stem declension of निर्भया (nirbhayā) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | निर्भया nirbhayā |
निर्भये nirbhaye |
निर्भयाः nirbhayāḥ |
Vocative | निर्भये nirbhaye |
निर्भये nirbhaye |
निर्भयाः nirbhayāḥ |
Accusative | निर्भयाम् nirbhayām |
निर्भये nirbhaye |
निर्भयाः nirbhayāḥ |
Instrumental | निर्भयया / निर्भया¹ nirbhayayā / nirbhayā¹ |
निर्भयाभ्याम् nirbhayābhyām |
निर्भयाभिः nirbhayābhiḥ |
Dative | निर्भयायै nirbhayāyai |
निर्भयाभ्याम् nirbhayābhyām |
निर्भयाभ्यः nirbhayābhyaḥ |
Ablative | निर्भयायाः / निर्भयायै² nirbhayāyāḥ / nirbhayāyai² |
निर्भयाभ्याम् nirbhayābhyām |
निर्भयाभ्यः nirbhayābhyaḥ |
Genitive | निर्भयायाः / निर्भयायै² nirbhayāyāḥ / nirbhayāyai² |
निर्भययोः nirbhayayoḥ |
निर्भयाणाम् nirbhayāṇām |
Locative | निर्भयायाम् nirbhayāyām |
निर्भययोः nirbhayayoḥ |
निर्भयासु nirbhayāsu |
Notes |
|
Neuter a-stem declension of निर्भय (nirbhaya) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | निर्भयम् nirbhayam |
निर्भये nirbhaye |
निर्भयाणि / निर्भया¹ nirbhayāṇi / nirbhayā¹ |
Vocative | निर्भय nirbhaya |
निर्भये nirbhaye |
निर्भयाणि / निर्भया¹ nirbhayāṇi / nirbhayā¹ |
Accusative | निर्भयम् nirbhayam |
निर्भये nirbhaye |
निर्भयाणि / निर्भया¹ nirbhayāṇi / nirbhayā¹ |
Instrumental | निर्भयेण nirbhayeṇa |
निर्भयाभ्याम् nirbhayābhyām |
निर्भयैः / निर्भयेभिः¹ nirbhayaiḥ / nirbhayebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | निर्भयाय nirbhayāya |
निर्भयाभ्याम् nirbhayābhyām |
निर्भयेभ्यः nirbhayebhyaḥ |
Ablative | निर्भयात् nirbhayāt |
निर्भयाभ्याम् nirbhayābhyām |
निर्भयेभ्यः nirbhayebhyaḥ |
Genitive | निर्भयस्य nirbhayasya |
निर्भययोः nirbhayayoḥ |
निर्भयाणाम् nirbhayāṇām |
Locative | निर्भये nirbhaye |
निर्भययोः nirbhayayoḥ |
निर्भयेषु nirbhayeṣu |
Notes |
|
Descendants
[edit]- Pali: nibbhaya
- Prakrit: 𑀡𑀺𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀬 (ṇibbhaya)
- → Assamese: নিৰ্ভয় (nirbhoy) (learned)
- → Bengali: নির্ভয় (nirbhoẏ) (learned)
- → Hindi: निर्भय (nirbhay) (learned)
- → Gujarati: નિર્ભય (nirbhaya) (learned)
- → Kannada: ನಿರ್ಭಯ (nirbhaya) (learned)
- → Lao: ນິຣະໄພ (ni ra phai)
- → Maithili: (learned)
- → Malayalam: നിർഭയം (niṟbhayaṁ) (learned)
- → Marathi: निर्भय (nirbhay) (learned)
- → Odia: ନିର୍ଭୟ (nirbhaya) (learned)
- → Sinhalese: නිර්භය (nirbhaya) (learned)
- → Telugu: నిర్భయము (nirbhayamu)
- → Thai: นิรภัย (ní-rá-pai)
Noun
[edit]निर्भय • (nirbhaya) stem, n
Declension
[edit]Neuter a-stem declension of निर्भय (nirbhaya) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | निर्भयम् nirbhayam |
निर्भये nirbhaye |
निर्भयाणि / निर्भया¹ nirbhayāṇi / nirbhayā¹ |
Vocative | निर्भय nirbhaya |
निर्भये nirbhaye |
निर्भयाणि / निर्भया¹ nirbhayāṇi / nirbhayā¹ |
Accusative | निर्भयम् nirbhayam |
निर्भये nirbhaye |
निर्भयाणि / निर्भया¹ nirbhayāṇi / nirbhayā¹ |
Instrumental | निर्भयेण nirbhayeṇa |
निर्भयाभ्याम् nirbhayābhyām |
निर्भयैः / निर्भयेभिः¹ nirbhayaiḥ / nirbhayebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | निर्भयाय nirbhayāya |
निर्भयाभ्याम् nirbhayābhyām |
निर्भयेभ्यः nirbhayebhyaḥ |
Ablative | निर्भयात् nirbhayāt |
निर्भयाभ्याम् nirbhayābhyām |
निर्भयेभ्यः nirbhayebhyaḥ |
Genitive | निर्भयस्य nirbhayasya |
निर्भययोः nirbhayayoḥ |
निर्भयाणाम् nirbhayāṇām |
Locative | निर्भये nirbhaye |
निर्भययोः nirbhayayoḥ |
निर्भयेषु nirbhayeṣu |
Notes |
|
Further reading
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “निर्भय”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 541.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “निर्भय”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “निर्भय”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “nirbhaya”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Categories:
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from the Sanskrit root भी
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeyh₂-
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-Iranian root *bʰayH-
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms prefixed with निर्-
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi adjectives
- Hindi indeclinable adjectives
- Marathi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms derived from the Sanskrit root भी
- Marathi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Marathi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeyh₂-
- Marathi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Marathi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-Iranian root *bʰayH-
- Marathi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Marathi learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms prefixed with निर्-
- Marathi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Marathi lemmas
- Marathi adjectives
- Sanskrit terms belonging to the root भी
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeyh₂-
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-Iranian root *bʰayH-
- Sanskrit terms prefixed with निस्-
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit neuter nouns
- Sanskrit a-stem nouns