ὀχθέω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

"Probably a causative or iterative-intensive" of ἔχθω (ékhthō) according to Beekes, who adduces a number of parallel cases such as φοβέω (phobéō) / φέβομαι (phébomai), θροέω (throéō) / θρέομαι (thréomai), and others.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /okʰ.tʰé.ɔː/ → /oxˈθe.o/ → /oxˈθe.o/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /okʰ.tʰé.ɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /okʰˈtʰe.o/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /oxˈθe.o/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /oxˈθe.o/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /oxˈθe.o/

Verb

ὀχθέω • (okhthéō)

1. (Epic) to be troubled or angered
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.517
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.570
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.30
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.403
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.101
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.143
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.30
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 21.248
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 23.182
   • 300 CE – 400 CE, Quintus Smyrnaeus, Posthomerica 3.451

Conjugation

   Future: ὀχθήσω (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ὀχθήσω	ὀχθήσεις	ὀχθήσει	ὀχθήσετον	ὀχθήσετον	ὀχθήσομεν	ὀχθήσετε	ὀχθήσουσῐ(ν)
	optative	ὀχθήσοιμῐ	ὀχθήσοισ(θᾰ)	ὀχθήσοι	ὀχθήσοιτον	ὀχθησοίτην	ὀχθήσοιμεν	ὀχθήσοιτε	ὀχθήσοιεν
		active
infinitive		ὀχθήσειν/ὀχθησέμεν(αι)/ὀχθησμέναι
participle	m	ὀχθήσων
	f	ὀχθήσουσᾰ
	n	ὀχθῆσον
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ὄχθησᾰ (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ὄχθησᾰ	ὄχθησᾰς	ὄχθησε(ν)	ὀχθήσᾰτον	ὀχθησᾰ́την	ὀχθήσᾰμεν	ὀχθήσᾰτε	ὄχθησᾰν
	subjunctive	ὀχθήσω, ὀχθήσωμῐ	ὀχθήσῃς, ὀχθήσῃσθᾰ	ὀχθήσῃ, ὀχθήσῃσῐ	ὀχθήσητον	ὀχθήσητον	ὀχθήσωμεν	ὀχθήσητε	ὀχθήσωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ὀχθήσαιμῐ	ὀχθήσαις, ὀχθήσαισθᾰ, ὀχθήσειᾰς	ὀχθήσειε(ν), ὀχθήσαι	ὀχθησεῖτον	ὀχθησείτην	ὀχθησεῖμεν	ὀχθησεῖτε	ὀχθησεῖεν
	imperative		ὄχθησον	ὀχθησᾰ́τω	ὀχθήσᾰτον	ὀχθησᾰ́των		ὀχθήσᾰτε	ὀχθησᾰ́ντων
		active
infinitive		ὀχθῆσαι/ὀχθησᾰ́μεν/ὀχθησᾰμέναι
participle	m	ὀχθήσᾱς
	f	ὀχθήσᾱσᾰ
	n	ὀχθῆσᾰν
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

• προσοχθέω (prosokhthéō)

References

• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1137

Further reading

• “ὀχθέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ὀχθέω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963