本動詞

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Japanese

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Kanji in this term
ほん
Grade: 1
どう
Grade: 3

Grade: 6
on'yomi kan'yōon kan'on
Examples

見る (miru, see, watch, look, gaze) is a main verb, spelt with the kanji , in the clause 星を見る (hoshi o miru, gaze at stars). The same verb becomes a supplementary verb, spelt only with kana, in the clause 読んでみる (yonde miru, try reading).

Etymology

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Compound of (hon, main) +‎ 動詞 (dōshi, verb).[1][2][3]

First cited in 1930.[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(ほん)(どう)() (hondōshi

  1. [from 1930] (grammar) a main verb

Usage notes

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In Japanese grammar, certain free verbs or 自立語 (jiritsugo) can become grammaticalized and lose their original meanings, in which case they become 補助動詞 (hojo dōshi, supplementary verbs).

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 本動詞”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. ^ 本動詞”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
  3. 3.0 3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN