այր

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Armenian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (file)

Etymology 1[edit]

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian այր (ayr)

Noun[edit]

այր (ayr) (archaic, poetic)

  1. man
  2. husband, spouse
  3. (figuratively) brave person, daredevil
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
given names

Etymology 2[edit]

From Old Armenian այր (ayr).

Noun[edit]

այր (ayr)

  1. cave, grotto
    Synonyms: քարանձավ (kʻaranjav), անձավ (anjav), քարայր (kʻarayr)
Declension[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]

Old Armenian[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Armenian *aynr, from *anir, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂nḗr.[1][2][3][4][5] See also առն (aṙn).

Noun[edit]

այր (ayr)

  1. man, adult male
    քաջ արանցkʻaǰ arancʻemperor
    վատ արանցvat arancʻcoward
    այր երեւելիayr erewelipersonage
    այր իւրաքանչիւրayr iwrakʻančʻiwrevery one, every person, every body
    այր ոքayr okʻa person, someone
    այր ընդ արամբ, այր զարամբayr ənd aramb, ayr zarambin competition; with emulation
    այր ցընկերayr cʻənkerone to another
    ընդ այր եւ ընդ կինənd ayr ew ənd kinthe men as well as the women, both men and women
    առ այր, յայրaṙ ayr, yayreach person, a head, a man
    այր խաղաղութեանayr xałałutʻeanpeaceful man
    այր գործոյayr gorcoyingenious, active man
    այր զօրութեանayr zōrutʻeanvalorous man
    այր մահուayr mahuguilty, worthy of death
    այր պատերազմիayr paterazmibelligerous, warlike, martial man
    արք արեանցarkʻ areancʻsanguinary, bloody men
    այր Աստուծոյayr Astucoyman of God
    այր եւ ձի, առն եւ ձիոյayr ew ji, aṙn ew jioycavalry, horse
  2. husband, spouse
    առն տալaṙn talto marry
    առն՝ արանց լինելaṙn, arancʻ linelto get, to be married
  3. man of courage
Usage notes[edit]

The word has three combining forms: առն- (aṙn-), այր- (ayr-) and ար- (ar-).

Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
given names
Descendants[edit]
  • Armenian: այր (ayr)

References[edit]

  1. ^ Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1940) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun [History of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 36–37
  2. ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “այր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
  3. ^ Godel, Robert (1975) An introduction to the study of classical Armenian, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, page 34
  4. ^ Fortson, Benjamin W. (2010) Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, second edition, Oxford: Blackwell, page 387
  5. ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “ayr₁”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 61

Further reading[edit]

  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “այր”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “այր”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy

Etymology 2[edit]

The origin is uncertain.

Has been considered an inheritance from Proto-Indo-European, with a cognate either in Ancient Greek ἄντρον (ántron, cave)[1][2][3][4][5][6] or Hittite [script needed] (ḫariya-, valley).[7][8][9][10]

Noun[edit]

այր (ayr)

  1. cave, cavern, grotto
  2. desolate place
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Pisani, Vittore (1944) “Armenische Studien. I. Zur armenischen Etymologie”, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung[1] (in German), volume 68, number 3/4, pages 161–162
  2. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 50
  3. ^ Lamberterie, Charles de (1978) “Armeniaca I–VIII: études lexicales”, in Bulletin de la Société de Linguistique de Paris (in French), volume 73, pages 243–245
  4. ^ Lamberterie, Charles de (1992) “Introduction à l’arménien classique”, in Lalies: Actes des sessions de linguistique et de littérature 10 (Aussois, 29 août – 3 septembre 1988 / 28 août – 2 septembre 1989) (in French), volume 10, page 238 of 234–289
  5. ^ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 92
  6. ^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “այր II”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 50a
  7. ^ Greppin, John A. C. (1983) “Armenian h-, Hittite h-, and the Indo-European laryngeal”, in Handes Amsorya[2], volume 87, Vienna, column 69
  8. ^ Tischler, Johann (1977–1983) “ḫari-”, in Hethitisches etymologisches Glossar (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 20) (in German), volume I, Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität Innsbruck, pages 172–173
  9. ^ Puhvel, Jaan (1991) Hittite Etymological Dictionary (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 5), volume 3, Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 144
  10. ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 96a

Further reading[edit]

  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “այր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 174–175
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “այր”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Clackson, James (1994) The linguistic relationship between Armenian and Greek (Publications of the Philological Society; 30), Oxford, Cambridge: Blackwell, page 98
  • Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “ayr₂”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 62
  • Martirosyan, Hrach (2013) “The place of Armenian in the Indo-European language family: the relationship with Greek and Indo-Iranian”, in Journal of Language Relationship[3], number 10, page 109
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “այր”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy