أول
Arabic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]10 | ||||
← 0 | ١ 1 |
2 → | 10 → | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cardinal: وَاحِد (wāḥid) Ordinal: أَوَّل (ʔawwal) Multiplier: أُحَادِيّ (ʔuḥādiyy), مُفْرَد (mufrad), مُوَحَّد (muwaḥḥad) Distributive: أُحَادَ (ʔuḥāda), مَوْحَدَ (mawḥada), فُرَادَى (furādā), فُرَادَ (furāda) |
Root |
---|
ء و ل (ʔ w l) |
10 terms |
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective: (file)
Adjective
[edit]أَوَّل • (ʔawwal) (feminine أُولَى (ʔūlā), common plural أَوَائِل (ʔawāʔil), masculine plural أَوَّلُون (ʔawwalūn), feminine plural أُولَيَات (ʔūlayāt) or أُوَل (ʔuwal))
Declension
[edit]Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular diptote | singular invariable | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | أَوَّل ʔawwal |
الْأَوَّل al-ʔawwal |
أُولَى ʔūlā |
الْأُولَى al-ʔūlā |
Nominative | أَوَّلُ ʔawwalu |
الْأَوَّلُ al-ʔawwalu |
أُولَى ʔūlā |
الْأُولَى al-ʔūlā |
Accusative | أَوَّلَ ʔawwala |
الْأَوَّلَ al-ʔawwala |
أُولَى ʔūlā |
الْأُولَى al-ʔūlā |
Genitive | أَوَّلَ ʔawwala |
الْأَوَّلِ al-ʔawwali |
أُولَى ʔūlā |
الْأُولَى al-ʔūlā |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | أَوَّلَيْن ʔawwalayn |
الْأَوَّلَيْن al-ʔawwalayn |
أُولَيَيْن ʔūlayayn |
الْأُولَيَيْن al-ʔūlayayn |
Nominative | أَوَّلَانِ ʔawwalāni |
الْأَوَّلَانِ al-ʔawwalāni |
أُولَيَانِ ʔūlayāni |
الْأُولَيَانِ al-ʔūlayāni |
Accusative | أَوَّلَيْنِ ʔawwalayni |
الْأَوَّلَيْنِ al-ʔawwalayni |
أُولَيَيْنِ ʔūlayayni |
الْأُولَيَيْنِ al-ʔūlayayni |
Genitive | أَوَّلَيْنِ ʔawwalayni |
الْأَوَّلَيْنِ al-ʔawwalayni |
أُولَيَيْنِ ʔūlayayni |
الْأُولَيَيْنِ al-ʔūlayayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
sound masculine plural; basic broken plural diptote | sound feminine plural; basic broken plural triptote; basic broken plural diptote | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | أَوَّلِين; أَوَائِل ʔawwalīn; ʔawāʔil |
الْأَوَّلِين; الْأَوَائِل al-ʔawwalīn; al-ʔawāʔil |
أُولَيَات; أُوَل; أَوَائِل ʔūlayāt; ʔuwal; ʔawāʔil |
الْأُولَيَات; الْأُوَل; الْأَوَائِل al-ʔūlayāt; al-ʔuwal; al-ʔawāʔil |
Nominative | أَوَّلُونَ; أَوَائِلُ ʔawwalūna; ʔawāʔilu |
الْأَوَّلُونَ; الْأَوَائِلُ al-ʔawwalūna; al-ʔawāʔilu |
أُولَيَاتٌ; أُوَلٌ; أَوَائِلُ ʔūlayātun; ʔuwalun; ʔawāʔilu |
الْأُولَيَاتُ; الْأُوَلُ; الْأَوَائِلُ al-ʔūlayātu; al-ʔuwalu; al-ʔawāʔilu |
Accusative | أَوَّلِينَ; أَوَائِلَ ʔawwalīna; ʔawāʔila |
الْأَوَّلِينَ; الْأَوَائِلَ al-ʔawwalīna; al-ʔawāʔila |
أُولَيَاتٍ; أُوَلًا; أَوَائِلَ ʔūlayātin; ʔuwalan; ʔawāʔila |
الْأُولَيَاتِ; الْأُوَلَ; الْأَوَائِلَ al-ʔūlayāti; al-ʔuwala; al-ʔawāʔila |
Genitive | أَوَّلِينَ; أَوَائِلَ ʔawwalīna; ʔawāʔila |
الْأَوَّلِينَ; الْأَوَائِلِ al-ʔawwalīna; al-ʔawāʔili |
أُولَيَاتٍ; أُوَلٍ; أَوَائِلَ ʔūlayātin; ʔuwalin; ʔawāʔila |
الْأُولَيَاتِ; الْأُوَلِ; الْأَوَائِلِ al-ʔūlayāti; al-ʔuwali; al-ʔawāʔili |
Noun
[edit]أَوَّل • (ʔawwal) m (plural أَوَائِل (ʔawāʔil))
- first part, beginning
- قَرَأْتُ أَوَّلَ الْكِتَابِ.
- qaraʔtu ʔawwala l-kitābi.
- I read the beginning of the book.
- مَا لَهُ أَوَّلٌ وَلَا آخِرٌ.
- mā lahu ʔawwalun walā ʔāḵirun.
- It has neither a beginning nor an end.
Declension
[edit]Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَوَّل ʔawwal |
الْأَوَّل al-ʔawwal |
أَوَّل ʔawwal |
Nominative | أَوَّلٌ ʔawwalun |
الْأَوَّلُ al-ʔawwalu |
أَوَّلُ ʔawwalu |
Accusative | أَوَّلًا ʔawwalan |
الْأَوَّلَ al-ʔawwala |
أَوَّلَ ʔawwala |
Genitive | أَوَّلٍ ʔawwalin |
الْأَوَّلِ al-ʔawwali |
أَوَّلِ ʔawwali |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | أَوَّلَيْن ʔawwalayn |
الْأَوَّلَيْن al-ʔawwalayn |
أَوَّلَيْ ʔawwalay |
Nominative | أَوَّلَانِ ʔawwalāni |
الْأَوَّلَانِ al-ʔawwalāni |
أَوَّلَا ʔawwalā |
Accusative | أَوَّلَيْنِ ʔawwalayni |
الْأَوَّلَيْنِ al-ʔawwalayni |
أَوَّلَيْ ʔawwalay |
Genitive | أَوَّلَيْنِ ʔawwalayni |
الْأَوَّلَيْنِ al-ʔawwalayni |
أَوَّلَيْ ʔawwalay |
Plural | basic broken plural diptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَوَائِل ʔawāʔil |
الْأَوَائِل al-ʔawāʔil |
أَوَائِل ʔawāʔil |
Nominative | أَوَائِلُ ʔawāʔilu |
الْأَوَائِلُ al-ʔawāʔilu |
أَوَائِلُ ʔawāʔilu |
Accusative | أَوَائِلَ ʔawāʔila |
الْأَوَائِلَ al-ʔawāʔila |
أَوَائِلَ ʔawāʔila |
Genitive | أَوَائِلَ ʔawāʔila |
الْأَوَائِلِ al-ʔawāʔili |
أَوَائِلِ ʔawāʔili |
Derived terms
[edit]- أَسَاطِير الْأَوَّلِينَ (ʔasāṭīr al-ʔawwalīna)
Descendants
[edit]- Egyptian Arabic: أول (ʔawwil)
- Gulf Arabic: اول (awwal)
- → Azerbaijani: əvvəl
- → Domari: awwal
- → Malay: awal
- → Ternate: awal
- → Classical Persian: اَوَّل (awwal)
- → Rohingya: áwal
- → Turkish: evvel
- → Armenian: ավալ (aval)
- → Uyghur: ئاۋۋال (awwal)
- → Uzbek: avval
- → Kazakh: әуелгі (äuelgı)
References
[edit]- Ibrahim Al-Shamsan (2024 August 23) “يجيء أوَّل مصروفًا وغير مصروف”, in Al-Jazirah[1], retrieved 2024-08-23
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Semitic *ʔil-, otherwise أَيْل (ʔayl), إِيل (ʔīl), إِلّ (ʔill), the most important god in the paganic pantheon—equivalent to the Sun, after which in the Western world the Sunday is named, in others. Origin from “first” above is unlikely since all other pagan weekday names are named after planets and thus indirectly gods and the other Semitic languages there employ *ʔaḥad-, which would have been retained. Lastly the Banu Bakr and Taghlib tribes actually worshiped a deity called أَوَال (ʔawāl) or أُوَال (ʔuwāl).
Proper noun
[edit]أَوْل or أَوَّل • (ʔawl or ʔawwal) m
Declension
[edit]Singular | basic singular diptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | — | أَوْل; أَوَّل ʔawl; ʔawwal |
— |
Nominative | — | أَوْلُ; أَوَّلُ ʔawlu; ʔawwalu |
— |
Accusative | — | أَوْلَ; أَوَّلَ ʔawla; ʔawwala |
— |
Genitive | — | أَوْلَ; أَوَّلَ ʔawla; ʔawwala |
— |
See also
[edit]- (Pre-Islamic days of the week) أَيَّامُ الْأُسْبُوع السَّابِقَة لِلْإِسْلَام (ʔayyāmu al-ʔusbūʕ as-sābiqa lilʔislām); أَوْل (ʔawl) ~ أَوَّل (ʔawwal), أَهْوَن (ʔahwan) ~ أَوْهَد (ʔawhad) ~ أَهْوَد (ʔahwad), جُبَار (jubār), دُبَار (dubār), مُؤْنِس (muʔnis), عَرُوبَة (ʕarūba), شِيَار (šiyār) (Category: ar:Days of the week)
References
[edit]- Fischer, August (1896) “Die altarabischen Namen der sieben Wochentage”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft[2] (in German), volume 50, page 224
- Hommel, Fritz (1893) Süd-Arabische Chrestomathie. Minäo-sabäische Grammatik. – Bibliographie. – Minäische Inschriften nebst Glossar[3] (in German), München: G. Franz’sche Hofbuchhandlung, page 57
- Rotter, Gernot (1993) “Der dies veneris im vorislamischen Mekka, eine neue Deutung des Namens „Europa“ und eine Erklärung für kobar = Venus”, in Der Islam[4] (in German), volume 70, number 1, , pages 116–118
- Wellhausen, Julius (1897) Reste arabischen Heidentumes[5] (in German), Berlin: Georg Reimer, page 64
- Yāqūt al-Ḥamawīy (a. 1229) Ferdinand Wüstenfeld, editor, كتاب معجم البلدان [kitāb muʿjam al-buldān][6] (in Arabic), volume 1, Leipzig: F.A. Brockhaus, published 1866, page 395
Etymology 3
[edit]Root |
---|
ء و ل (ʔ w l) |
10 terms |
Causative to آلَ (ʔāla, “to return”), semantically like German zurückführen, and parallelling Arabic عَبَّرَ (ʕabbara, “to get across”).
Verb
[edit]أَوَّلَ • (ʔawwala) II (non-past يُؤَوِّلُ (yuʔawwilu), verbal noun تَأْوِيل (taʔwīl))
Conjugation
[edit]verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
تَأْوِيل taʔwīl | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
مُؤَوِّل muʔawwil | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مُؤَوَّل muʔawwal | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | أَوَّلْتُ ʔawwaltu |
أَوَّلْتَ ʔawwalta |
أَوَّلَ ʔawwala |
أَوَّلْتُمَا ʔawwaltumā |
أَوَّلَا ʔawwalā |
أَوَّلْنَا ʔawwalnā |
أَوَّلْتُمْ ʔawwaltum |
أَوَّلُوا ʔawwalū | |||
f | أَوَّلْتِ ʔawwalti |
أَوَّلَتْ ʔawwalat |
أَوَّلَتَا ʔawwalatā |
أَوَّلْتُنَّ ʔawwaltunna |
أَوَّلْنَ ʔawwalna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُؤَوِّلُ ʔuʔawwilu |
تُؤَوِّلُ tuʔawwilu |
يُؤَوِّلُ yuʔawwilu |
تُؤَوِّلَانِ tuʔawwilāni |
يُؤَوِّلَانِ yuʔawwilāni |
نُؤَوِّلُ nuʔawwilu |
تُؤَوِّلُونَ tuʔawwilūna |
يُؤَوِّلُونَ yuʔawwilūna | |||
f | تُؤَوِّلِينَ tuʔawwilīna |
تُؤَوِّلُ tuʔawwilu |
تُؤَوِّلَانِ tuʔawwilāni |
تُؤَوِّلْنَ tuʔawwilna |
يُؤَوِّلْنَ yuʔawwilna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُؤَوِّلَ ʔuʔawwila |
تُؤَوِّلَ tuʔawwila |
يُؤَوِّلَ yuʔawwila |
تُؤَوِّلَا tuʔawwilā |
يُؤَوِّلَا yuʔawwilā |
نُؤَوِّلَ nuʔawwila |
تُؤَوِّلُوا tuʔawwilū |
يُؤَوِّلُوا yuʔawwilū | |||
f | تُؤَوِّلِي tuʔawwilī |
تُؤَوِّلَ tuʔawwila |
تُؤَوِّلَا tuʔawwilā |
تُؤَوِّلْنَ tuʔawwilna |
يُؤَوِّلْنَ yuʔawwilna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُؤَوِّلْ ʔuʔawwil |
تُؤَوِّلْ tuʔawwil |
يُؤَوِّلْ yuʔawwil |
تُؤَوِّلَا tuʔawwilā |
يُؤَوِّلَا yuʔawwilā |
نُؤَوِّلْ nuʔawwil |
تُؤَوِّلُوا tuʔawwilū |
يُؤَوِّلُوا yuʔawwilū | |||
f | تُؤَوِّلِي tuʔawwilī |
تُؤَوِّلْ tuʔawwil |
تُؤَوِّلَا tuʔawwilā |
تُؤَوِّلْنَ tuʔawwilna |
يُؤَوِّلْنَ yuʔawwilna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | أَوِّلْ ʔawwil |
أَوِّلَا ʔawwilā |
أَوِّلُوا ʔawwilū |
||||||||
f | أَوِّلِي ʔawwilī |
أَوِّلْنَ ʔawwilna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | أُوِّلْتُ ʔuwwiltu |
أُوِّلْتَ ʔuwwilta |
أُوِّلَ ʔuwwila |
أُوِّلْتُمَا ʔuwwiltumā |
أُوِّلَا ʔuwwilā |
أُوِّلْنَا ʔuwwilnā |
أُوِّلْتُمْ ʔuwwiltum |
أُوِّلُوا ʔuwwilū | |||
f | أُوِّلْتِ ʔuwwilti |
أُوِّلَتْ ʔuwwilat |
أُوِّلَتَا ʔuwwilatā |
أُوِّلْتُنَّ ʔuwwiltunna |
أُوِّلْنَ ʔuwwilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُؤَوَّلُ ʔuʔawwalu |
تُؤَوَّلُ tuʔawwalu |
يُؤَوَّلُ yuʔawwalu |
تُؤَوَّلَانِ tuʔawwalāni |
يُؤَوَّلَانِ yuʔawwalāni |
نُؤَوَّلُ nuʔawwalu |
تُؤَوَّلُونَ tuʔawwalūna |
يُؤَوَّلُونَ yuʔawwalūna | |||
f | تُؤَوَّلِينَ tuʔawwalīna |
تُؤَوَّلُ tuʔawwalu |
تُؤَوَّلَانِ tuʔawwalāni |
تُؤَوَّلْنَ tuʔawwalna |
يُؤَوَّلْنَ yuʔawwalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُؤَوَّلَ ʔuʔawwala |
تُؤَوَّلَ tuʔawwala |
يُؤَوَّلَ yuʔawwala |
تُؤَوَّلَا tuʔawwalā |
يُؤَوَّلَا yuʔawwalā |
نُؤَوَّلَ nuʔawwala |
تُؤَوَّلُوا tuʔawwalū |
يُؤَوَّلُوا yuʔawwalū | |||
f | تُؤَوَّلِي tuʔawwalī |
تُؤَوَّلَ tuʔawwala |
تُؤَوَّلَا tuʔawwalā |
تُؤَوَّلْنَ tuʔawwalna |
يُؤَوَّلْنَ yuʔawwalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُؤَوَّلْ ʔuʔawwal |
تُؤَوَّلْ tuʔawwal |
يُؤَوَّلْ yuʔawwal |
تُؤَوَّلَا tuʔawwalā |
يُؤَوَّلَا yuʔawwalā |
نُؤَوَّلْ nuʔawwal |
تُؤَوَّلُوا tuʔawwalū |
يُؤَوَّلُوا yuʔawwalū | |||
f | تُؤَوَّلِي tuʔawwalī |
تُؤَوَّلْ tuʔawwal |
تُؤَوَّلَا tuʔawwalā |
تُؤَوَّلْنَ tuʔawwalna |
يُؤَوَّلْنَ yuʔawwalna |
Etymology 4
[edit]Verb
[edit]أُولَ • (ʔūla) (form I) /ʔuː.la/
Etymology 5
[edit]Verb
[edit]أول (form IV)
- أُولِ (ʔūli) /ʔuː.li/: first-person singular non-past active jussive of أَوْلَى (ʔawlā)
- أُولَ (ʔūla) /ʔuː.la/: first-person singular non-past passive jussive of أَوْلَى (ʔawlā)
- أَوْلِ (ʔawli) /ʔaw.li/: second-person masculine singular imperative of أَوْلَى (ʔawlā)
Egyptian Arabic
[edit]10 | ||||
1 | 2 → | 10 → | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Cardinal: واحد Ordinal: أول |
Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]أول • (ʔawwil) (feminine أولى (ʔūla), masculine plural أوائل (ʔawāʔil))
Hijazi Arabic
[edit]Root |
---|
ء و ل |
1 term |
10 | ||||
١ 1 |
2 → | 10 → | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Cardinal: واحد Ordinal: أول |
Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]أول • (ʔawwal) (feminine أولى (ʔūla))
Moroccan Arabic
[edit]10 | ||||
1 | 2 → [a], [b], [c] | 10 → | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Cardinal: واحد Ordinal: أول |
Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]أول • (ʔawwal) (feminine أولى (ʔūla) or أولة (ʔawwla), common plural أوائل (ʔawāʔil), masculine plural أولين (ʔawwlīn), feminine plural أولات (ʔawwlāt))
South Levantine Arabic
[edit]Root |
---|
ء و ل |
3 terms |
10 | ||||
١ 1 |
2 → | 10 → | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Cardinal: واحد Ordinal: أول |
Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]أول • (ʔawwal) (feminine أولى (ʔūla), common plural أوائل (ʔawāʔel) or أولى (ʔuwala))
- first
- Antonym: آخر (ʔāḵer)
- (+ ما) as soon as
Usage notes
[edit]- Ordinal numbers can function either as regular adjectives, following the noun (المرّة الأولى (il-marra l-ʔūla, “the first time”)), or as elative adjectives, initiating a definite phrase (أوّل مرّة (ʔawwal marra, “the first time”)); the latter is more versatile and is far more common.
Derived terms
[edit]- أوّلا (ʔawwalan, “firstly, first of all”)
Noun
[edit]أول • (ʔawwal) m
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ء و ل
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- ar:Days of the week
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- South Levantine Arabic nouns
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