ܩܕܡ
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See also: ܩܪܡ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Root |
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ܩ ܕ ܡ (q d m) |
9 terms |
From Aramaic קְדַם (qəḏam); related to Arabic قَدَمَ (qadama) and Hebrew קָדַם (kadám).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]ܩܵܕ݂ܹܡ • (qāḏēm) (present participle ܩܕ݂ܵܡܵܐ (qḏāmā), past participle ܩܕ݂ܝܼܡܵܐ (qḏīmā))
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of ܩܵܕܹܡ (qādēm)
singular | plural | ||||||
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1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
past | m | ܩܕܝܼܡ ܠܝܼ (qdīm lī) |
ܩܕܝܼܡ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (qdīm lūḵ) |
ܩܕܝܼܡ ܠܹܗ (qdīm lēh) |
ܩܕܝܼܡ ܠܲܢ (qdīm lan) |
ܩܕܝܼܡ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (qdīm lāwḵōn) |
ܩܕܝܼܡ ܠܗܘܿܢ (qdīm lhōn) |
f | ܩܕܝܼܡ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (qdīm lāḵ) |
ܩܕܝܼܡ ܠܵܗ̇ (qdīm lāh) | |||||
non-past | m | ܩܵܕܡܹܢ (qādmēn) |
ܩܵܕܡܹܬ (qādmēt) |
ܩܵܕܹܡ (qādēm) |
ܩܵܕܡܲܚ (qādmaḥ) |
ܩܵܕܡܝܼܬܘܿܢ (qādmītōn) |
ܩܵܕܡܝܼ (qādmī) |
f | ܩܵܕܡܵܢ (qādmān) |
ܩܵܕܡܵܬܝ (qādmāt) |
ܩܵܕܡܵܐ (qādmā) | ||||
imperative | m | ܩܕܘܿܡ (qdōm) |
ܩܕܘܿܡܘܼܢ (qdōmūn) |
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f | ܩܕܘܿܡܝ (qdōm) |
Derived terms
[edit]- ܡܩܲܕܸܡ (mqaddim)
Etymology 2
[edit]Root |
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ܩ ܕ ܡ (q d m) |
9 terms |
Picture dictionary | |
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From Aramaic קֳדָם (qŏḏām); related to Hebrew קֹדֶם (kódem), Akkadian 𒁾𒊕 (qudmu [DUB.SAG]) and Arabic قُدَّامَ (quddāma).
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]ܩܵܕ݇ܡ or ܩܕ݂ܵܡ • (qām or qḏām)
- before, in advance of, prior to
- ܥܪܘܿܩ ܩܵܕ݇ܡ ܡ̣ܢ ܕܡܵܛܹܐ ― ˁrōq qām min dmāṭē ― Flee before he arrives
- ܕܲܩܝܼܩܵܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܩܵܕ݇ܡ ܫܘܼܠܵܡܵܐ ― daqīqā min qām šullāmā ― A minute before the end
- ܐܵܢܵܐ ܐܵܙܹܠ݇ܢ ܩܲܕ݇ܡܵܝܵܐ ܩܵܕ݇ܡ ܡܸܢܵܗ̇ ― ānā āzēn qammāyā qām minnāh ― I go first before her
- before, in front of, facing
- ܨܠܝܼ ܩܵܕ݇ܡ ܝܵܡܵܐ ― ṣlī qām yāmā ― Go down in front of the sea
- ܟܹܐ ܡܵܘܕܹܝܢ ܩܵܕ݇ܡܘܼܟ݂ ― kē māwdēn qāmūḵ ― I give thanks before you
- ago
- ܩܵܕ݇ܡ ܬܪܹܝܢ ܝܵܘܡܵܢܹ̈ܐ ― qām trēn yāwmānē ― Two days ago
- ܐ݇ܙܝܼܠ ܠܹܗ ܩܵܕ݇ܡ ܚܲܡܸܫ ܫܵܥܹ̈ܐ ― zīl lēh qām ḥammiš šāˁē ― He left 5 hours ago
Usage notes
[edit]- When taking pronouns, the temporal sense uses the form ܩܵܕ݇ܡ ܡܸܢ- ― qām min-, for example ܩܵܕ݇ܡ ܡܸܢܹܗ ― qām minnēh ― Before him (temporally). However, the spatial sense attaches pronouns to ܩܵܕ݇ܡ itself, for example, ܩܵܕ݇ܡܹܗ ― qāmēh ― In front of him, before him (spatially).
- The English adverb and preposition before is translated as ܩܵܕ݇ܡ ܗܵܕܲܟ݂ (qām hādaḵ) or a phrase like ܩܵܕ݇ܡ ܥܸܕܵܢܵܐ (qām ˁiddānā, literally “before (this) time”) or ܩܵܕ݇ܡ ܐܵܕܝܼܵܐ (qām ādīyā, literally “before now”) used as an adverb.
- ܗܸܟ̃ ܠܹܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܥܒ݂ܝܼܕ݂ܵܐ ܗܵܢܵܐ ܩܵܕ݇ܡ ܥܸܕܵܢܵܐ ― hič lē ìwen ˁḇīḏā hānā qām ˁiddānā ― I have never done this before
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of ܩܵܕ݇ܡ (qām)
Antonyms
[edit]- ܒܵܬ݇ܪ (bār)
Derived terms
[edit]- ܩܵܕ݇ܡ ܦܲܐܲܬ݂ (qām paˀaṯ)
- ܩܵܕ݇ܡ ܡܫܝܼܚܵܐ (qām mšīḥā, “BC, BCE”, literally “before Christ”)
Classical Syriac
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From the root ܩ-ܕ-ܡ (q-d-m) related to preceding. Compare Arabic قَدَمَ (qadama) and Hebrew קָדַם (qāḏam).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]ܩܕܡ • (transliteration needed)
Etymology 2
[edit]From the root ܩ-ܕ-ܡ (q-d-m) related to preceding. Compare Akkadian 𒁾𒊕 (qudmu [DUB.SAG]) and Hebrew קֹדֶם (qṓḏem).
Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]ܩܕܡ • (transliteration needed)
Preposition
[edit]ܩܕܡ • (transliteration needed)
Inflection
[edit]Takes type-II suffixes.
declension of ܩܕܡ
Antonyms
[edit]References
[edit]- “qdm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 310a
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 490b
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 1318a-b
Categories:
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms belonging to the root ܩ ܕ ܡ
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms inherited from Aramaic
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms derived from Aramaic
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic lemmas
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic verbs
- Visual dictionary
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic prepositions
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with usage examples
- Classical Syriac terms with IPA pronunciation
- Classical Syriac lemmas
- Classical Syriac verbs
- Classical Syriac conjunctions
- Classical Syriac prepositions