उपाध्याय

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उपाध्याय (upādhyāya). Doublet of ओझा (ojhā).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ʊ.pɑːd̪ʱ.jɑːj/, [ʊ.päːd̪ʱ.jäːj]

Noun

उपाध्याय • (upādhyāy) m

1. teacher, guru
2. (Jainism, Buddhism) upadhyaya (one of the five types of revered people in Jainism)

Declension

Declension of उपाध्याय (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	उपाध्याय upādhyāy	उपाध्याय upādhyāy
oblique	उपाध्याय upādhyāy	उपाध्यायों upādhyāyõ
vocative	उपाध्याय upādhyāy	उपाध्यायो upādhyāyo

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• উপাধ্যায় (Assamese script)
• ᬉᬧᬵᬥ᭄ᬬᬵᬬ (Balinese script)
• উপাধ্যায় (Bengali script)
• 𑰄𑰢𑰯𑰠𑰿𑰧𑰯𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀉𑀧𑀸𑀥𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀬 (Brahmi script)
• ဥပါဓျာယ (Burmese script)
• ઉપાધ્યાય (Gujarati script)
• ਉਪਾਧ੍ਯਾਯ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌉𑌪𑌾𑌧𑍍𑌯𑌾𑌯 (Grantha script)
• ꦈꦥꦴꦣꦾꦴꦪ (Javanese script)
• 𑂇𑂣𑂰𑂡𑂹𑂨𑂰𑂨 (Kaithi script)
• ಉಪಾಧ್ಯಾಯ (Kannada script)
• ឧបាធ្យាយ (Khmer script)
• ອຸປາຘ຺ຍາຍ (Lao script)
• ഉപാധ്യായ (Malayalam script)
• ᡠᢒᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢡᠶᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘄𑘢𑘰𑘠𑘿𑘧𑘰𑘧 (Modi script)
• ᠤᢒᠠᢗᢑᠾᠶ᠋ᠠᢗᠶ᠋ᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦤𑧂𑧑𑧀𑧠𑧇𑧑𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐄𑐥𑐵𑐢𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐫 (Newa script)
• ଉପାଧ୍ଯାଯ (Odia script)
• ꢆꢦꢵꢤ꣄ꢫꢵꢫ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆇𑆥𑆳𑆣𑇀𑆪𑆳𑆪 (Sharada script)
• 𑖄𑖢𑖯𑖠𑖿𑖧𑖯𑖧 (Siddham script)
• උපාධ්‍යාය (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩒𑩰𑩛𑩮 𑪙𑩻𑩛𑩻 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚄𑚞𑚭𑚜𑚶𑚣𑚭𑚣 (Takri script)
• உபாத்⁴யாய (Tamil script)
• ఉపాధ్యాయ (Telugu script)
• อุปาธฺยาย (Thai script)
• ཨུ་པཱ་དྷྱཱ་ཡ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒅𑒣𑒰𑒡𑓂𑒨𑒰𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨃𑨞𑨊𑨜𑩇𑨪𑨊𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From उप (upa) +‎ अध्याय (adhyāya), itself from अधि- (adhi-) +‎ इ (i).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /u.pɑːdʱ.jɑː.jɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /u.pɑːd̪ʱˈjɑː.jɐ/

Noun

उपाध्याय • (upādhyāya) stem, m

1. teacher, preceptor, advisor, counselor

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of उपाध्याय (upādhyāya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	उपाध्यायः upādhyāyaḥ	उपाध्यायौ / उपाध्याया¹ upādhyāyau / upādhyāyā¹	उपाध्यायाः / उपाध्यायासः¹ upādhyāyāḥ / upādhyāyāsaḥ¹
Vocative	उपाध्याय upādhyāya	उपाध्यायौ / उपाध्याया¹ upādhyāyau / upādhyāyā¹	उपाध्यायाः / उपाध्यायासः¹ upādhyāyāḥ / upādhyāyāsaḥ¹
Accusative	उपाध्यायम् upādhyāyam	उपाध्यायौ / उपाध्याया¹ upādhyāyau / upādhyāyā¹	उपाध्यायान् upādhyāyān
Instrumental	उपाध्यायेन upādhyāyena	उपाध्यायाभ्याम् upādhyāyābhyām	उपाध्यायैः / उपाध्यायेभिः¹ upādhyāyaiḥ / upādhyāyebhiḥ¹
Dative	उपाध्यायाय upādhyāyāya	उपाध्यायाभ्याम् upādhyāyābhyām	उपाध्यायेभ्यः upādhyāyebhyaḥ
Ablative	उपाध्यायात् upādhyāyāt	उपाध्यायाभ्याम् upādhyāyābhyām	उपाध्यायेभ्यः upādhyāyebhyaḥ
Genitive	उपाध्यायस्य upādhyāyasya	उपाध्याययोः upādhyāyayoḥ	उपाध्यायानाम् upādhyāyānām
Locative	उपाध्याये upādhyāye	उपाध्याययोः upādhyāyayoḥ	उपाध्यायेषु upādhyāyeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Assamese: ওজা (üza)
• → Assamese: উপাধ্যায় (upadhyay)
• Bengali: ওঝা (ōjha)
• → Bengali: উপাধ্যায় (upaddhaẏ)
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀑𑀛𑀸𑀅 (ojhāa), 𑀉𑀅𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀸𑀅 (uajjhāa), 𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀸𑀅 (ujjhāa)
  • → Middle Chinese: 和尚 (ɦuɑ d͡ʑɨɐŋ^H)
  • Hindi: ओझा (ojhā)
  • → Hindi: उपाध्याय (upādhyāy)
• Kumaoni: ojho
• Old Marathi: ऊवजा (ūvajā)
• → Old Marathi: उपाध्या (upādhyā)
  • Marathi: उपाध्या (upādhyā)
• → Marathi: उपाध्याय (upādhyāy)

• → Malayalam: വാധ്യായന് (vādhyāyaṉ)
• Odia: ଓଝା (ojha)
• Pali: upajjhāya
  • → Sinhalese: උපා ධ්‍යායයා (upā dhyāyayā)
  • → Khmer: ឧបជ្ឈាយ៍ (ʼupacchiə)
  • → Thai: อุปัชฌายะ (ù-bpàt-chaa-yá), อุปัชฌาย์ (ù-bpàt-chaa)
• → Punjabi: ਓਝਾ (ojjhā)
• → Sindhi: واڍو (vāḍho)
• → Tamil: உவாத்தி (uvātti), உபாத்தி (upātti), வாத்தியாயர் (vāttiyāyar), ஓச்சன் (ōccaṉ)
• → Telugu: ఉపాధ్యాయుడు (upādhyāyuḍu), ఒజ్జే (ojjē), ఓజ (ōja), ఓజు (ōju)
• → Persian: خواجه (xâje) (via some Prakrit intermediary) (see there for further descendants)

• → Tibetan: མཁན་པོ (mkhan po) (calque)
  • → Chinese: 堪布 (kānbù)
    • → Middle Mongol: ᠬᠠᠮᠪᠤ (qambu)
      • Classical Mongolian: ᠬᠠᠮᠪᠤ (qambu)
        • Buryat: хамба (xamba)
        • Mongolian: хамба (xamba)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “उपाध्याय”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0213.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “उपाध्याय”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
• Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “उपाध्याय”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
• “उपाध्याय” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 092.
• Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 160