बंदी

See also: बिंदी, बंद, बंदा, बद, बाद, and ब़ा'दी

Hindi

Alternative forms

• बन्दी (bandī)

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /bən.d̪iː/, [bɐ̃n̪.d̪iː]

Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit बन्दिन् (bandin), a variation of earlier वन्दिन् (vandin, “praiser, bard”), from the root वन्द् (vand).

Noun

बंदी • (bandī) m (Urdu spelling بندی)

1. (rare) bard, one who praises or extols

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian بندی (bandī, “bound, chained, imprisoned”), derived from بند (band, “a band, tie, chain”) +‎ ی (-ī, adjectival suffix), with the suffix coming from Middle Persian 𐭩𐭪𐭩 (yky /⁠-īg⁠/) and possibly influenced by Arabic ـِيّ (-iyy, nisba suffix).

Noun

बंदी • (bandī) m (feminine बंदिनी, Urdu spelling بندی)

1. prisoner, captive

   Synonym: क़ैदी (qaidī)

   आज केवल एक बंदी कारागार से रिहा हो गया।

   āj keval ek bandī kārāgār se rihā ho gayā.

   Today only one prisoner was released from jail.

Declension

Declension of बंदी (masc ī-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	बंदी bandī	बंदी bandī
oblique	बंदी bandī	बंदियों bandiyõ
vocative	बंदी bandī	बंदियो bandiyo

Descendants

• → Sanskrit: बन्दिन् (bandin, “prisoner”)

Etymology 3

बंदा (bandā) +‎ -ई (-ī, feminine suffix), with the masculine borrowed from Classical Persian بنده (banda, “servant, slave”).

Noun

बंदी • (bandī) f (masculine बंदा, Urdu spelling بندی)

1. a woman

   Synonyms: औरत (aurat), नारी (nārī), स्त्री (strī), महिला (mahilā)

2. (archaic) a female servant, slave; used to refer to oneself humbly, e.g. यह बंदी (yah bandī, “this servant”)

Declension

Declension of बंदी (fem ī-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	बंदी bandī	बंदियाँ bandiyā̃
oblique	बंदी bandī	बंदियों bandiyõ
vocative	बंदी bandī	बंदियो bandiyo

Etymology 4

बंद (band, “closed, shut”) +‎ -ई (-ī, forms abstract nouns from adjectives). The suffix comes from Classical Persian ـی (-ī), from Middle Persian 𐭩𐭧 (yḥ /⁠-īh⁠/).

Noun

बंदी • (bandī) f (Urdu spelling بندی)

1. shutting, closing (as a shop)

Etymology 5

Derived from बंद (band) (itself from Classical Persian بند (band)), in the sense of "something bound/fastened (to the forehead)"?

Noun

बंदी • (bandī) f (Urdu spelling بندی)

1. (regional) a kind of ornament worn on the forehead

Further reading

• Platts, John T. (1884) “बंदी”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Marathi

Etymology

From बंद (banda, “stopped”) +‎ -ई (-ī).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bən.d̪i/, [bən.d̪iː]

Noun

बंदी • (bandī) f

1. ban, prohibition

   दारूबंदी

   dārūbandī

   Alcohol ban

Declension

Declension of बंदी (fem ī-stem)
direct singular	बंदी bandī
direct plural	बंद्या bandyā
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	बंदी bandī		बंद्या bandyā
oblique सामान्यरूप	बंदी bandī		बंद्यां- bandyān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	बंदीला bandīlā		बंद्यांना bandyānnā
ergative	बंदीने, बंदीनं bandīne, bandīna		बंद्यांनी bandyānnī
instrumental	बंदीशी bandīśī		बंद्यांशी bandyānśī
locative सप्तमी	बंदीत bandīt		बंद्यांत bandyāt
vocative संबोधन	बंदी bandī		बंद्यांनो bandyānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of बंदी (fem ī-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	बंदीचा bandīċā	बंदीचे bandīċe	बंदीची bandīcī	बंदीच्या bandīcā	बंदीचे, बंदीचं bandīċe, bandīċa	बंदीची bandīcī	बंदीच्या bandīcā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	बंद्यांचा bandyānċā	बंद्यांचे bandyānċe	बंद्यांची bandyāñcī	बंद्यांच्या bandyāncā	बंद्यांचे, बंद्यांचं bandyānċe, bandyānċa	बंद्यांची bandyāñcī	बंद्यांच्या bandyāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

• बंदी आणणे (bandī āṇṇe, “to ban”)
• बंदी घालणे (bandī ghālṇe, “to ban”)

 

References

• Berntsen, Maxine, “बंदी”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.