萇楚

Chinese

		carambola	distinct; clear; orderly distinct; clear; orderly; pain; suffering; ancient place name; surname
trad. (萇楚)		萇	楚
simp. (苌楚)		苌	楚

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chángchǔ

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˊ ㄔㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng⁴ co²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chángchǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˊ ㄔㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chángchǔ
    • Wade–Giles: chʻang²-chʻu³
    • Yale: cháng-chǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: charngchuu
    • Palladius: чанчу (čanču)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: coeng⁴ co²
    • Yale: chèuhng chó
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng⁴ tso²
    • Guangdong Romanization: cêng⁴ co²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ t͡sʰɔː³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: drjang tsrhjoX

Rime
Character	萇	楚
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)	初 (19)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	直良切	創舉切
Baxter	drjang	tsrhjoX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖɨɐŋ/	/t͡ʃʰɨʌX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖiɐŋ/	/ʈ͡ʂʰiɔX/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiɑŋ/	/t͡ʃʰiɔX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖɨaŋ/	/ʈ͡ʂʰɨə̆X/
Li Rong	/ȡiaŋ/	/t͡ʃʰiɔX/
Wang Li	/ȡĭaŋ/	/t͡ʃʰĭoX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯aŋ/	/ʈ͡ʂʰi̯woX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cháng	chǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	coeng4	co2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*daŋ  sŋ̊ʰraʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	楚
Reading #	1/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ tsrhjoX ›
Old Chinese	/*[s.r̥]aʔ/
English	arrange in order
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	萇	楚
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	1277	11781
Phonetic component	長	疋
Rime group	陽	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	長	楚
Old Chinese	/*daŋ/	/*sŋ̊ʰraʔ/

Noun

萇楚

1. (literary) A plant mentioned in the Book of Songs, uncertainly identified as the star fruit (Averrhoa carambola) or the kiwi fruit (Actinidia deliciosa).

   • 隰有萇楚，猗儺其枝。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     隰有苌楚，猗傩其枝。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Xí yǒu chángchǔ, ēnuó qí zhī. [Pinyin]

     In the low wet grounds is the carambola tree;
     Soft and pliant are its branches.

Derived terms

• 隰有萇楚／隰有苌楚