Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/beuną

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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰéwH-ti, e-grade of *bʰuH- (“to grow, become, come into being, appear”). Cognate with Latin fuī (“have been”, verb), Latin futūrus (“becoming, imminent, future”), Sanskrit भवति (bhávati).

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

*beuną

  1. to be
    Synonym: *wesaną
  2. to become

Inflection[edit]

This verb is suppletive. The past is conjugated with the strong class 5 stem wes-, the remainder with an irregular stem beu-.

Conjugation of *beuną (irregular, suppletive)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *biumi *biwjǭ? — — —
2nd singular *biusi *biwjēs? *beu — —
3rd singular *biuþi *biwjē? *beuþau — —
1st dual *beū? *biwīw — — —
2nd dual *biuþiz *biwīþiz *biudiz — —
1st plural *beum *biwīm — — —
2nd plural *beud *biwīþ *beuþ — —
3rd plural *biunþi *biwīn *beunþau — —
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *was *wēzį̄
2nd singular *wast *wēzīz
3rd singular *was *wēzī
1st dual *wēzū *wēzīw
2nd dual *wēzudiz *wēzīdiz
1st plural *wēzum *wēzīm
2nd plural *wēzud *wēzīd
3rd plural *wēzun *wēzīn
present past
participles *wesandz —

Descendants[edit]

For past tense and participle forms, see the identical forms at *wesaną.

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