bánik
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Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]bánik
- (intransitive) to treat someone, handle someone, deal with someone (followed by -val/-vel)
- Jól bánik a gyerekekkel. ― She handles the kids well.
Usage notes
[edit]- This verb is a member of one of those (few) quasi-homonymous verb pairs that exist both with and without an -ik ending. All (intransitive) suffixed forms of these pairs are identical (sometimes they can even have derived forms that coincide), with the exception of their dictionary form (the third-person singular indicative present, with or without -ik). However, the meaning of these pairs is usually distinct, sometimes unrelated. Examples include (fel)áldoz–(le)áldozik, bán–bánik, (meg)bíz–(meg)bízik, ér–érik, esz (rare)–eszik, hajol–hajlik, (felül)múl–(el)múlik, (hozzá)nyúl–nyúlik, (el)vesz–(el)veszik~(el)vész, and tör–törik (along with their verbal prefixes), hall–hallik (archaic), érez–érzik (archaic), sometimes with some difference: (el)hibáz–hibádzik, (le)torkol–torkollik. Therefore one may well need to check the context and the arguments to ascertain which member of the verb pair is relevant.
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of bánik
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | bánok | bánsz | bánik | bánunk | bántok | bánnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | bántam | bántál | bánt | bántunk | bántatok | bántak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. bánni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | bánék or bánám |
bánál | bána or bánék |
bánánk | bánátok | bánának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. bánik vala, bánt vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | bánandok (or bánandom) |
bánandasz (or bánandol) |
bánand (or bánandik*) |
bánandunk | bánandotok | bánandanak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | bánnék (or bánnám) |
bánnál | bánna (or bánnék*) |
bánnánk | bánnátok | bánnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. bánt volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | bánjak | bánj or bánjál |
bánjon or bánjék |
bánjunk | bánjatok | bánjanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. bánt légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | bánni | bánnom | bánnod | bánnia | bánnunk | bánnotok | bánniuk | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| bánás | bánó | bánt | ― | bánva (bánván) | |||||
potential conjugation of bánik
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | bánhatok | bánhatsz (or bánhatol) |
bánhat (or bánhatik) |
bánhatunk | bánhattok | bánhatnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | bánhattam | bánhattál | bánhatott | bánhattunk | bánhattatok | bánhattak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | bánhaték or bánhatám |
bánhatál | bánhata or bánhaték |
bánhatánk | bánhatátok | bánhatának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. bánhat vala, bánhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | bánhatandok or bánandhatok (or bánhatandom or bánandhatom) |
bánhatandasz or bánandhatsz (or bánhatandol or bánandhatol) |
bánhatand or bánandhat (or bánhatandik or bánandhatik*) |
bánhatandunk or bánandhatunk |
bánhatandotok or bánandhattok |
bánhatandanak or bánandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | bánhatnék (or bánhatnám) |
bánhatnál | bánhatna (or bánhatnék*) |
bánhatnánk | bánhatnátok | bánhatnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. bánhatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | bánhassak (or bánhassam) |
bánhass or bánhassál |
bánhasson (or bánhassék) |
bánhassunk | bánhassatok | bánhassanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. bánhatott légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (bánhatni) | (bánhatnom) | (bánhatnod) | (bánhatnia) | (bánhatnunk) | (bánhatnotok) | (bánhatniuk) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (bánhatva / bánhatván) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit](With verbal prefixes):
Expressions
Further reading
[edit]- bánik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- bánik in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)