fiach

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See also: fíach

Irish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old Irish fïach,[2] from Proto-Celtic *wesākos.[3] Cognate with Welsh gwyach (“grebe”).

Noun[edit]

fiach m (genitive singular fiaigh or féich, nominative plural fiacha)

  1. raven
    Synonyms: Dónall dubh, fiach dubh
Declension[edit]
Declension of fiach

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative fiach fiacha
Vocative a fhiaigh a fhiacha
Genitive fiaigh fiach
Dative fiach fiacha

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an fiach na fiacha
Genitive an fhiaigh na bhfiach
Dative leis an bhfiach

don fhiach

leis na fiacha

Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Old Irish fíach (“debt”).[4]

Noun[edit]

fiach m (genitive singular féich, nominative plural fiacha)

  1. (usually in the plural) debt
    Synonym: fiachas
Declension[edit]
Declension of fiach

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative fiach fiacha
Vocative a fhéich a fhiacha
Genitive féich fiach
Dative fiach fiacha

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an fiach na fiacha
Genitive an fhéich na bhfiach
Dative leis an bhfiach

don fhiach

leis na fiacha

Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

From Old Irish fíadach.[5] By surface analysis, fia (“deer”) +‎ -ach. The verb is from the noun.

Alternative forms[edit]

Noun[edit]

fiach m (genitive singular fiaigh)

  1. verbal noun of fiach
  2. hunting
    Synonyms: sealgaireacht, seilg
  3. chasing
Declension[edit]
Declension of fiach

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative fiach
Vocative a fhiaigh
Genitive fiaigh
Dative fiach

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular
Nominative an fiach
Genitive an fhiaigh
Dative leis an bhfiach

don fhiach

Derived terms[edit]

Verb[edit]

fiach (present analytic fiachann, future analytic fiachfaidh, verbal noun fiach, past participle fiachta)

  1. to hunt, chase
Conjugation[edit]
conjugation of fiach (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present fiachaim fiachann tú;
fiachair† 		fiachann sé, sí fiachaimid fiachann sibh fiachann siad;
fiachaid† 		a fhiachann; a fhiachas /
a bhfiachann*; a bhfiachas* 		fiachtar
past d'fhiach mé; d'fhiachas /
fhiach mé‡; fhiachas‡ 		d'fhiach tú; d'fhiachais /
fhiach tú; fhiachais‡ 		d'fhiach sé, sí /
fhiach sé, sí‡ 		d'fhiachamar; d'fhiach muid /
fhiachamar; fhiach muid‡ 		d'fhiach sibh; d'fhiachabhair /
fhiach sibh;
fhiachabhair‡ 		d'fhiach siad; d'fhiachadar /
fhiach siad; fhiachadar‡ 		a d'fhiach /
ar fhiach* 		fiachadh
past habitual d'fhiachainn /
fhiachainn‡; bhfiachainn‡‡ 		d'fhiachtá /
fhiachtá‡; bhfiachtᇇ 		d'fhiachadh sé, sí /
fhiachadh sé, sí‡; bhfiachadh sé, s퇇 		d'fhiachaimis; d'fhiachadh muid /
fhiachaimis; fhiachadh muid‡; bhfiachaimis‡‡; bhfiachadh muid‡‡ 		d'fhiachadh sibh /
fhiachadh sibh‡; bhfiachadh sibh‡‡ 		d'fhiachaidís; d'fhiachadh siad /
fhiachaidís; fhiachadh siad‡; bhfiachaidís‡‡; bhfiachadh siad‡‡ 		a d'fhiachadh /
a bhfiachadh* 		d'fhiachtaí /
fhiachtaí‡; bhfiachta퇇
future fiachfaidh mé;
fiachfad 		fiachfaidh tú;
fiachfair† 		fiachfaidh sé, sí fiachfaimid;
fiachfaidh muid 		fiachfaidh sibh fiachfaidh siad;
fiachfaid† 		a fhiachfaidh; a fhiachfas /
a bhfiachfaidh*; a bhfiachfas* 		fiachfar
conditional d'fhiachfainn / fhiachfainn‡; bhfiachfainn‡‡ d'fhiachfá / fhiachfá‡; bhfiachfᇇ d'fhiachfadh sé, sí / fhiachfadh sé, sí‡; bhfiachfadh sé, s퇇 d'fhiachfaimis; d'fhiachfadh muid / fhiachfaimis‡; fhiachfadh muid‡; bhfiachfaimis‡‡; bhfiachfadh muid‡‡ d'fhiachfadh sibh / fhiachfadh sibh‡; bhfiachfadh sibh‡‡ d'fhiachfaidís; d'fhiachfadh siad / fhiachfaidís‡; fhiachfadh siad‡; bhfiachfaidís‡‡; bhfiachfadh siad‡‡ a d'fhiachfadh /
a bhfiachfadh* 		d'fhiachfaí / fhiachfaí‡; bhfiachfa퇇
subjunctive present go bhfiacha mé;
go bhfiachad† 		go bhfiacha tú;
go bhfiachair† 		go bhfiacha sé, sí go bhfiachaimid;
go bhfiacha muid 		go bhfiacha sibh go bhfiacha siad;
go bhfiachaid† 		— go bhfiachtar
past dá bhfiachainn dá bhfiachtá dá bhfiachadh sé, sí dá bhfiachaimis;
dá bhfiachadh muid 		dá bhfiachadh sibh dá bhfiachaidís;
dá bhfiachadh siad 		— dá bhfiachtaí
imperative fiachaim fiach fiachadh sé, sí fiachaimis fiachaigí;
fiachaidh† 		fiachaidís — fiachtar
verbal noun fiach
past participle fiachta

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Etymology 4[edit]

Verb[edit]

fiach (present analytic fiachann, future analytic fiachfaidh, verbal noun fiachaint, past participle fiachta)

  1. Alternative form of féach (“to look”)
Conjugation[edit]
conjugation of fiach (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present fiachaim fiachann tú;
fiachair† 		fiachann sé, sí fiachaimid fiachann sibh fiachann siad;
fiachaid† 		a fhiachann; a fhiachas /
a bhfiachann*; a bhfiachas* 		fiachtar
past d'fhiach mé; d'fhiachas /
fhiach mé‡; fhiachas‡ 		d'fhiach tú; d'fhiachais /
fhiach tú; fhiachais‡ 		d'fhiach sé, sí /
fhiach sé, sí‡ 		d'fhiachamar; d'fhiach muid /
fhiachamar; fhiach muid‡ 		d'fhiach sibh; d'fhiachabhair /
fhiach sibh;
fhiachabhair‡ 		d'fhiach siad; d'fhiachadar /
fhiach siad; fhiachadar‡ 		a d'fhiach /
ar fhiach* 		fiachadh
past habitual d'fhiachainn /
fhiachainn‡; bhfiachainn‡‡ 		d'fhiachtá /
fhiachtá‡; bhfiachtᇇ 		d'fhiachadh sé, sí /
fhiachadh sé, sí‡; bhfiachadh sé, s퇇 		d'fhiachaimis; d'fhiachadh muid /
fhiachaimis; fhiachadh muid‡; bhfiachaimis‡‡; bhfiachadh muid‡‡ 		d'fhiachadh sibh /
fhiachadh sibh‡; bhfiachadh sibh‡‡ 		d'fhiachaidís; d'fhiachadh siad /
fhiachaidís; fhiachadh siad‡; bhfiachaidís‡‡; bhfiachadh siad‡‡ 		a d'fhiachadh /
a bhfiachadh* 		d'fhiachtaí /
fhiachtaí‡; bhfiachta퇇
future fiachfaidh mé;
fiachfad 		fiachfaidh tú;
fiachfair† 		fiachfaidh sé, sí fiachfaimid;
fiachfaidh muid 		fiachfaidh sibh fiachfaidh siad;
fiachfaid† 		a fhiachfaidh; a fhiachfas /
a bhfiachfaidh*; a bhfiachfas* 		fiachfar
conditional d'fhiachfainn / fhiachfainn‡; bhfiachfainn‡‡ d'fhiachfá / fhiachfá‡; bhfiachfᇇ d'fhiachfadh sé, sí / fhiachfadh sé, sí‡; bhfiachfadh sé, s퇇 d'fhiachfaimis; d'fhiachfadh muid / fhiachfaimis‡; fhiachfadh muid‡; bhfiachfaimis‡‡; bhfiachfadh muid‡‡ d'fhiachfadh sibh / fhiachfadh sibh‡; bhfiachfadh sibh‡‡ d'fhiachfaidís; d'fhiachfadh siad / fhiachfaidís‡; fhiachfadh siad‡; bhfiachfaidís‡‡; bhfiachfadh siad‡‡ a d'fhiachfadh /
a bhfiachfadh* 		d'fhiachfaí / fhiachfaí‡; bhfiachfa퇇
subjunctive present go bhfiacha mé;
go bhfiachad† 		go bhfiacha tú;
go bhfiachair† 		go bhfiacha sé, sí go bhfiachaimid;
go bhfiacha muid 		go bhfiacha sibh go bhfiacha siad;
go bhfiachaid† 		— go bhfiachtar
past dá bhfiachainn dá bhfiachtá dá bhfiachadh sé, sí dá bhfiachaimis;
dá bhfiachadh muid 		dá bhfiachadh sibh dá bhfiachaidís;
dá bhfiachadh siad 		— dá bhfiachtaí
imperative fiachaim fiach fiachadh sé, sí fiachaimis fiachaigí;
fiachaidh† 		fiachaidís — fiachtar
verbal noun fiachaint
past participle fiachta

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation[edit]

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
fiach fhiach bhfiach
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 110
  2. ^ G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “fïach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  3. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
  4. ^ G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 fíach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  5. ^ G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “fíadach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading[edit]

Old Irish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Celtic *wesākos.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈfʲi.əx/, [ˈfʲi.ax]

Noun[edit]

fïach m (nominative plural fïaich)

  1. raven
    Synonyms: bran, trogan

Inflection[edit]

Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative fïach fïachL fïaichL
Vocative fïaich fïachL fïachuH
Accusative fïachN fïachL fïachuH
Genitive fïaichL fïach fïachN
Dative fïuchL fïachaib fïachaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants[edit]

  • Irish: fiach
  • Manx: feeagh
  • Scottish Gaelic: fitheach

Mutation[edit]

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
fïach ḟïach fïach
pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN

Further reading[edit]

Scottish Gaelic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Irish fíach (“debt”).[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

fiach m (genitive singular fèich, plural fiachan)

  1. worth, value
    Synonym: luach
  2. debt
    Synonym: comain

Adjective[edit]

fiach

  1. worth, worthy, worthwhile
  2. valuable
    Synonyms: prìseil, luachmhor

Mutation[edit]

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical Lenition
fiach fhiach
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References[edit]

  1. ^ G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 fíach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading[edit]

  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “fiach”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
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