peneirar

Galician

Alternative forms

• pineirar

Etymology

15th century. From peneira (“sieve”) + the verbal suffix -ar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /penejˈɾaɾ/

Verb

peneirar (first-person singular present peneiro, first-person singular preterite peneirei, past participle peneirado)

1. (transitive) to sieve

   Synonym: cribar

   • 1409, José Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria. Introdución, transcrición e glosario, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 111:

     [...] fage poo de todo et peneirao moi ben

     [take the ingredients] reduce them to powder and sieve it carefully

2. (figurative) to purify
3. (pronominal, figurative) to swagger

Conjugation

    Conjugation of peneirar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	peneirar
Personal	peneirar	peneirares	peneirar	peneirarmos	peneirardes	peneiraren
Gerund
	peneirando
Past participle
Masculine	peneirado			peneirados
Feminine	peneirada			peneiradas
Indicative
Present	peneiro	peneiras	peneira	peneiramos	peneirades	peneiran
Imperfect	peneiraba	peneirabas	peneiraba	peneirabamos	peneirabades	peneiraban
Preterite	peneirei	peneiraches	peneirou	peneiramos	peneirastes	peneiraron
Pluperfect	peneirara	peneiraras	peneirara	peneiraramos	peneirarades	peneiraran
Future	peneirarei	peneirarás	peneirará	peneiraremos	peneiraredes	peneirarán
Conditional	peneiraría	peneirarías	peneiraría	peneirariamos	peneirariades	peneirarían
Subjunctive
Present	peneire	peneires	peneire	peneiremos	peneiredes	peneiren
Imperfect	peneirase	peneirases	peneirase	peneirásemos	peneirásedes	peneirasen
Future	peneirar	peneirares	peneirar	peneirarmos	peneirardes	peneiraren
Imperative
Affirmative		peneira	peneire	peneiremos	peneirade	peneiren
Negative (non)		non peneires	non peneire	non peneiremos	non peneiredes	non peneiren

    Reintegrated conjugation of peneirar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	peneirar
Personal	peneirar	peneirares	peneirar	peneirarmos	peneirardes	peneirarem
Gerund
	peneirando
Past participle
Masculine	peneirado			peneirados
Feminine	peneirada			peneiradas
Indicative
Present	peneiro	peneiras	peneira	peneiramos	peneirades, peneirais	peneiram
Imperfect	peneirava	peneiravas	peneirava	peneirávamos	peneirávades, peneiráveis, peneirávais1	peneiravam
Preterite	peneirei	peneiraste, peneirache1	peneirou	peneiramos	peneirastes	peneirárom, peneiraram
Pluperfect	peneirara	peneiraras	peneirara	peneiráramos	peneirárades, peneiráreis, peneirárais1	peneiraram
Future	peneirarei	peneirarás	peneirará	peneiraremos	peneiraredes, peneirareis	peneirarám, peneirarão
Conditional	peneiraria	peneirarias	peneiraria	peneiraríamos	peneiraríades, peneiraríeis, peneiraríais1	peneirariam
Subjunctive
Present	peneire	peneires	peneire	peneiremos	peneiredes, peneireis	peneirem
Imperfect	peneirasse	peneirasses	peneirasse	peneirássemos	peneirássedes, peneirásseis	peneirassem
Future	peneirar	peneirares	peneirar	peneirarmos	peneirardes	peneirarem
Imperative
Affirmative		peneira	peneire	peneiremos	peneirade, peneirai	peneirem
Negative (nom)		nom peneires	nom peneire	nom peneiremos	nom peneiredes, nom peneireis	nom peneirem

¹Less recommended.

References

• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “peneir”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “peneirar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “peneirar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “peneirar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “peneirar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Portuguese

Etymology

From peneira +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /pe.ne(j)ˈɾa(ʁ)/ [pe.ne(ɪ̯)ˈɾa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /pe.ne(j)ˈɾa(ʁ)/ [pe.ne(ɪ̯)ˈɾa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /pe.ne(j)ˈɾa(ɾ)/ [pe.ne(ɪ̯)ˈɾa(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /pe.ne(j)ˈɾa(ʁ)/ [pe.ne(ɪ̯)ˈɾa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /pe.ne(j)ˈɾa(ɻ)/ [pe.ne(ɪ̯)ˈɾa(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɨ.nɐjˈɾaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɨ.nɐjˈɾaɾ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɨ.nejˈɾaɾ/
  • (Central Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɨ.nejˈɾaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /pɨ.neˈɾa.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: pe‧nei‧rar

Verb

peneirar (first-person singular present peneiro, first-person singular preterite peneirei, past participle peneirado)

1. to sieve, sift, screen

Conjugation

    Conjugation of peneirar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	peneirar
Personal	peneirar	peneirares	peneirar	peneirarmos	peneirardes	peneirarem
Gerund
	peneirando
Past participle
Masculine	peneirado			peneirados
Feminine	peneirada			peneiradas
Indicative
Present	peneiro	peneiras	peneira	peneiramos	peneirais	peneiram
Imperfect	peneirava	peneiravas	peneirava	peneirávamos	peneiráveis	peneiravam
Preterite	peneirei	peneiraste	peneirou	peneiramos1, peneirámos2	peneirastes	peneiraram
Pluperfect	peneirara	peneiraras	peneirara	peneiráramos	peneiráreis	peneiraram
Future	peneirarei	peneirarás	peneirará	peneiraremos	peneirareis	peneirarão
Conditional	peneiraria	peneirarias	peneiraria	peneiraríamos	peneiraríeis	peneirariam
Subjunctive
Present	peneire	peneires	peneire	peneiremos	peneireis	peneirem
Imperfect	peneirasse	peneirasses	peneirasse	peneirássemos	peneirásseis	peneirassem
Future	peneirar	peneirares	peneirar	peneirarmos	peneirardes	peneirarem
Imperative
Affirmative		peneira	peneire	peneiremos	peneirai	peneirem
Negative (não)		não peneires	não peneire	não peneiremos	não peneireis	não peneirem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.