ضرر

See also: صرر

Arabic

Etymology

Root
ض ر ر (ḍ-r-r)

Compare ضَرَّ (ḍarra, “to damage”).

Noun

ضَرَر • (ḍarar) m (plural أَضْرَار (ʔaḍrār))

1. damage, injury, hurt, harm, mischief

   لَا ضَرَر ― lā ḍarar ― never mind, it does not matter

   لَا ضَرَرَ وَلَا ضِرَار

   lā ḍarara walā ḍirār

   (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. an evil state or condition
3. defect, deficiency, detriment, loss
4. narrowness, straitness
5. brink or edge of a cave

Declension

Declension of noun ضَرَر (ḍarar)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	ضَرَر ḍarar	الضَّرَر aḍ-ḍarar	ضَرَر ḍarar
Nominative	ضَرَرٌ ḍararun	الضَّرَرُ aḍ-ḍararu	ضَرَرُ ḍararu
Accusative	ضَرَرًا ḍararan	الضَّرَرَ aḍ-ḍarara	ضَرَرَ ḍarara
Genitive	ضَرَرٍ ḍararin	الضَّرَرِ aḍ-ḍarari	ضَرَرِ ḍarari
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	ضَرَرَيْن ḍararayn	الضَّرَرَيْن aḍ-ḍararayn	ضَرَرَيْ ḍararay
Nominative	ضَرَرَانِ ḍararāni	الضَّرَرَانِ aḍ-ḍararāni	ضَرَرَا ḍararā
Accusative	ضَرَرَيْنِ ḍararayni	الضَّرَرَيْنِ aḍ-ḍararayni	ضَرَرَيْ ḍararay
Genitive	ضَرَرَيْنِ ḍararayni	الضَّرَرَيْنِ aḍ-ḍararayni	ضَرَرَيْ ḍararay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَضْرَار ʔaḍrār	الْأَضْرَار al-ʔaḍrār	أَضْرَار ʔaḍrār
Nominative	أَضْرَارٌ ʔaḍrārun	الْأَضْرَارُ al-ʔaḍrāru	أَضْرَارُ ʔaḍrāru
Accusative	أَضْرَارًا ʔaḍrāran	الْأَضْرَارَ al-ʔaḍrāra	أَضْرَارَ ʔaḍrāra
Genitive	أَضْرَارٍ ʔaḍrārin	الْأَضْرَارِ al-ʔaḍrāri	أَضْرَارِ ʔaḍrāri

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: zərər
• → Kazakh: зарар (zarar), залал (zalal)
• → Ottoman Turkish: ضرر (zarar)
  • Turkish: zarar
  • → Albanian: zarar
  • → Middle Armenian: զարար (zarar)
    • Armenian: զարար (zarar)
  • → Aromanian: zãrari／zãrare
  • → Bulgarian: зара́р (zarár)
  • → Georgian: ზარალი (zarali)
    • → Mingrelian: ზარალი (zarali)
    • → Svan: ზარა̈ლ (zaräl)
  • → Greek: ζαράρι (zarári) — Cretan
  • → Macedonian: зарар (zarar)
  • → Romanian: zarar
• → Persian: ضرر (zarar)
• → Swahili: dhara
• → Turkmen: zelel
• → Uyghur: زەرەر (zerer)
• → Uzbek: zarar

Adjective

ضَرَر • (ḍarar)

1. narrow

Declension

Declension of adjective ضَرَر (ḍarar)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	ضَرَر ḍarar	الضَّرَر aḍ-ḍarar	ضَرَرَة ḍarara	الضَّرَرَة aḍ-ḍarara
Nominative	ضَرَرٌ ḍararun	الضَّرَرُ aḍ-ḍararu	ضَرَرَةٌ ḍararatun	الضَّرَرَةُ aḍ-ḍararatu
Accusative	ضَرَرًا ḍararan	الضَّرَرَ aḍ-ḍarara	ضَرَرَةً ḍararatan	الضَّرَرَةَ aḍ-ḍararata
Genitive	ضَرَرٍ ḍararin	الضَّرَرِ aḍ-ḍarari	ضَرَرَةٍ ḍararatin	الضَّرَرَةِ aḍ-ḍararati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	ضَرَرَيْن ḍararayn	الضَّرَرَيْن aḍ-ḍararayn	ضَرَرَتَيْن ḍararatayn	الضَّرَرَتَيْن aḍ-ḍararatayn
Nominative	ضَرَرَانِ ḍararāni	الضَّرَرَانِ aḍ-ḍararāni	ضَرَرَتَانِ ḍararatāni	الضَّرَرَتَانِ aḍ-ḍararatāni
Accusative	ضَرَرَيْنِ ḍararayni	الضَّرَرَيْنِ aḍ-ḍararayni	ضَرَرَتَيْنِ ḍararatayni	الضَّرَرَتَيْنِ aḍ-ḍararatayni
Genitive	ضَرَرَيْنِ ḍararayni	الضَّرَرَيْنِ aḍ-ḍararayni	ضَرَرَتَيْنِ ḍararatayni	الضَّرَرَتَيْنِ aḍ-ḍararatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	—		—
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	—	—	—	—
Nominative	—	—	—	—
Accusative	—	—	—	—
Genitive	—	—	—	—

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ضَرَر (ḍarar, “damage, harm”).

Noun

ضرر • (zarar) (definitive accusative ضرری (zararı))

1. damage, injury, detriment, harm, the condition or measure of something not being intact

   Synonyms: زیان (ziyan), گزند (gezend), مضرت (mazarrat)

2. loss, the result of no longer possessing an object, function, or characteristic

   Synonyms: خسارت (hasaret), زیان (ziyan), غائب (gayıb)

Derived terms

• ضرر دیده (zarar dide, “who suffered damage”)
• ضرر چكمك (zarar çekmek, “to suffer harm or loss”)
• ضررسز (zararsız, “harmless, innocent”)
• ضررلاشمق (zararlaşmak, “to go shares in a loss”)
• ضررلو (zararlı, “harmful, injurious”)
• ضرری طوقونمق (zararı dokunmak, “to cause harm”)
• ضرری یوق (zararı yok, “it doesn't matter”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: zarar
• → Albanian: zarar
• → Middle Armenian: զարար (zarar)
  • Armenian: զարար (zarar)
• → Aromanian: zãrari／zãrare
• → Bulgarian: зара́р (zarár)
• → Georgian: ზარალი (zarali)
  • → Mingrelian: ზარალი (zarali)
  • → Svan: ზარა̈ლ (zaräl)
• → Greek: ζαράρι (zarári) — Cretan
• → Macedonian: зарар (zarar)
• → Romanian: zarar

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “zarar”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 5436
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “zarar”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[1] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1405
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “ضرر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 784a
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Damnum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 320
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “ضرر”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 3038
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “zarar”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “ضرر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1209

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ضَرَر (ḍarar).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [za.ˈɾaɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zä.ɾǽɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zä.ɾǽɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [zä.ɾǽɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [zä.ɾǽɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [zæ.ɹǽɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [zä.ɾǽɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	zarar
Dari reading?	zarar
Iranian reading?	zarar
Tajik reading?	zarar

Noun

ضرر • (zarar)

1. detriment, loss, disadvantage, deficiency

   Synonym: زیان (ziyân)

   Antonyms: سود (sud), فایده (fâyede)

2. hurt, harm, injury

   Synonym: آسیب (âsib)

Related terms

• مضر (mozerr)

 

Descendants

• → Gujarati: જરર (jarar), ઝરર (jharar)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian ضرر (zarar), from Arabic ضَرَر (ḍarar).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /zə.ɾəɾ/

Noun

ضَرَر • (zarar) m (Hindi spelling ज़रर)

1. detriment, loss, disadvantage, deficiency
2. hurt, damage,

   Synonyms: چوٹ (coṭ), جُرْح (jurh), آگھات (āghāt)

3. distress, anguish
4. harm, injury

References

• “ضرر”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “ضرر”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.

Ushojo

Etymology

From Arabic ضرر (ḍarar).

Noun

ضرر (zarar)

1. loss, damage