گرگ

See also: کرک and گرک

Baluchi

Etymology

from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebh₂- (“to grab, seize”). Cognates include Persian گرفتن (gereftan), Central Kurdish گرتن (girtin), Sanskrit गृह्णाति (gṛhṇāti, “he seizes”).

Verb

گرگ • (girag)

1. to grab
2. to grip
3. to take
4. to get
5. to catch
6. to hold
7. to seize
8. to receive

Persian

یک گرگِ خاکستری

Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢 (gʿlg /⁠gurg⁠/, “wolf”), from Old Persian 𐎺𐎼𐎣 (v-r-k /⁠varka-⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *wŕ̥kah (compare Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀 (vəhrka), Sogdian [script needed] (wyrk- /⁠wərk⁠/), Baluchi گرک (gurk), Mazanderani ورگ (verg), Northern Kurdish gur, gurg, Ossetian бирӕгъ (biræǧ)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥kas (“wolf”) (compare Sanskrit वृक (vṛ́ka)), from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (compare English wolf).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ɡuɾɡ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡʊɾɡ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡʊɾɡ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ɡʊɾɡ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ɡuɾɡ̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡ̥oɹɡʲ̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡuɾɡ]

Readings
Classical reading?	gurg
Dari reading?	gurg
Iranian reading?	gorg
Tajik reading?	gurg

Noun

Dari	گرگ
Iranian Persian
Tajik	гург

گرگ • (gorg) (plural گرگ‌ها (gorg-hâ) or گرگان (gorgân))

1. a wolf
   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3109:

     از کجا آموختی این ای بزرگ / گفت ای شاه جهان از حال گرگ

     az kujâ âmôxti ên ay buzurg / guft ay šâh-i-jahân az hâl-i-gurg

     Whence didst thou learn this, O eminent one?” “O King of the world,” he replied, “from the fate of the wolf.”

2. (figurative) a social or sexual predator

   اون بیرون پر گرگه! ― un birun por-e gorg-e! ― There are lots of predators out there!

Derived terms

• گرگ‌ومیش (gorg-o-miš, “twilight”)
• گرگ‌خوی (gorg-xuy, “wolfish, fierce, savage”)
• گرگین (gorgin, “wolflike, lupine”)
• گرگینه (gorgine, “werewolf”)
• گرگ‌ِ بالان‌دیده (gorg-e bâlân-dide, “a highly seasoned person”)
• گرگ‌ِ بیابان (gorg-e biâbân, “Steppenwolf”)
• کف‌گرگی (kaf-gorgi, “slap”)
• گرگ‌ِ تاسمانی (gorg-e tâsmâni, “Tasmanian wolf”)

Related terms

• گرگان (gorgân)
• گرجستان (gorjestân)

References

Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “گرگ”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press