मध्य
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Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit मध्य (mádhya), from Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos (“between, in the middle, middle”). Cognate with Latin medius (“middle, medium”), English mid, middle.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]मध्य • (madhya) (indeclinable)
Noun
[edit]मध्य • (madhya) m
- center/centre, middle
- Synonym: बीच (bīc)
- (Indian classical music) Synonym of मध्यम (madhyam)
- (Indian classical music) a medium tempo, played quicker than विलंबित (vilambit) and slower than द्रुत (drut)
- (Indian classical music) the middle-pitch सप्तक (saptak), higher than मंद्र (mandra) and lower than तार (tār)
Declension
[edit]Declension of मध्य (masc cons-stem)
Marathi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit मध्य (mádhya). Doublet of मध्ये (madhye) and माज (māj).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]मध्य • (madhya) m
References
[edit]- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “मध्य”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- মধ্য (Assamese script)
- ᬫᬥ᭄ᬬ (Balinese script)
- মধ্য (Bengali script)
- 𑰦𑰠𑰿𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀫𑀥𑁆𑀬 (Brahmi script)
- မဓျ (Burmese script)
- મધ્ય (Gujarati script)
- ਮਧ੍ਯ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌮𑌧𑍍𑌯 (Grantha script)
- ꦩꦣꦾ (Javanese script)
- 𑂧𑂡𑂹𑂨 (Kaithi script)
- ಮಧ್ಯ (Kannada script)
- មធ្យ (Khmer script)
- ມຘ຺ຍ (Lao script)
- മധ്യ (Malayalam script)
- ᠮᠠᢡᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘦𑘠𑘿𑘧 (Modi script)
- ᠮᠠᢑᠾᠶᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧆𑧀𑧠𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐩𑐢𑑂𑐫 (Newa script)
- ମଧ୍ଯ (Odia script)
- ꢪꢤ꣄ꢫ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆩𑆣𑇀𑆪 (Sharada script)
- 𑖦𑖠𑖿𑖧 (Siddham script)
- මධ්ය (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩴𑩮 𑪙𑩻 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚢𑚜𑚶𑚣 (Takri script)
- மத்⁴ய (Tamil script)
- మధ్య (Telugu script)
- มธฺย (Thai script)
- མ་དྷྱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒧𑒡𑓂𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨢𑨜𑩇𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mádʰyas (“middle”), from Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos (“middle”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬜𐬌𐬌𐬀 (maiδiia), Latin medius (“middle, medium”), Ancient Greek μέσος (mésos), English mid, middle.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]मध्य • (mádhya) stem
Declension
[edit]Masculine a-stem declension of मध्य (madhya) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | मध्यः madhyaḥ |
मध्यौ / मध्या¹ madhyau / madhyā¹ |
मध्याः / मध्यासः¹ madhyāḥ / madhyāsaḥ¹ |
Vocative | मध्य madhya |
मध्यौ / मध्या¹ madhyau / madhyā¹ |
मध्याः / मध्यासः¹ madhyāḥ / madhyāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | मध्यम् madhyam |
मध्यौ / मध्या¹ madhyau / madhyā¹ |
मध्यान् madhyān |
Instrumental | मध्येन madhyena |
मध्याभ्याम् madhyābhyām |
मध्यैः / मध्येभिः¹ madhyaiḥ / madhyebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | मध्याय madhyāya |
मध्याभ्याम् madhyābhyām |
मध्येभ्यः madhyebhyaḥ |
Ablative | मध्यात् madhyāt |
मध्याभ्याम् madhyābhyām |
मध्येभ्यः madhyebhyaḥ |
Genitive | मध्यस्य madhyasya |
मध्ययोः madhyayoḥ |
मध्यानाम् madhyānām |
Locative | मध्ये madhye |
मध्ययोः madhyayoḥ |
मध्येषु madhyeṣu |
Notes |
|
Feminine ā-stem declension of मध्या (madhyā) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | मध्या madhyā |
मध्ये madhye |
मध्याः madhyāḥ |
Vocative | मध्ये madhye |
मध्ये madhye |
मध्याः madhyāḥ |
Accusative | मध्याम् madhyām |
मध्ये madhye |
मध्याः madhyāḥ |
Instrumental | मध्यया / मध्या¹ madhyayā / madhyā¹ |
मध्याभ्याम् madhyābhyām |
मध्याभिः madhyābhiḥ |
Dative | मध्यायै madhyāyai |
मध्याभ्याम् madhyābhyām |
मध्याभ्यः madhyābhyaḥ |
Ablative | मध्यायाः / मध्यायै² madhyāyāḥ / madhyāyai² |
मध्याभ्याम् madhyābhyām |
मध्याभ्यः madhyābhyaḥ |
Genitive | मध्यायाः / मध्यायै² madhyāyāḥ / madhyāyai² |
मध्ययोः madhyayoḥ |
मध्यानाम् madhyānām |
Locative | मध्यायाम् madhyāyām |
मध्ययोः madhyayoḥ |
मध्यासु madhyāsu |
Notes |
|
Neuter a-stem declension of मध्य (madhya) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | मध्यम् madhyam |
मध्ये madhye |
मध्यानि / मध्या¹ madhyāni / madhyā¹ |
Vocative | मध्य madhya |
मध्ये madhye |
मध्यानि / मध्या¹ madhyāni / madhyā¹ |
Accusative | मध्यम् madhyam |
मध्ये madhye |
मध्यानि / मध्या¹ madhyāni / madhyā¹ |
Instrumental | मध्येन madhyena |
मध्याभ्याम् madhyābhyām |
मध्यैः / मध्येभिः¹ madhyaiḥ / madhyebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | मध्याय madhyāya |
मध्याभ्याम् madhyābhyām |
मध्येभ्यः madhyebhyaḥ |
Ablative | मध्यात् madhyāt |
मध्याभ्याम् madhyābhyām |
मध्येभ्यः madhyebhyaḥ |
Genitive | मध्यस्य madhyasya |
मध्ययोः madhyayoḥ |
मध्यानाम् madhyānām |
Locative | मध्ये madhye |
मध्ययोः madhyayoḥ |
मध्येषु madhyeṣu |
Notes |
|
Noun
[edit]मध्य • (mádhya) stem, m
- centre, middle
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.111.8:
- दू॒रं किल॑ प्रथ॒मा ज॑ग्मुरासा॒मिन्द्र॑स्य॒ याः प्र॑स॒वे स॒स्रुराप॑:।
क्व॑ स्वि॒दग्रं॒ क्व॑ बु॒ध्न आ॑सा॒मापो॒ मध्यं॒ क्व॑ वो नू॒नमन्त॑:॥- dūráṃ kíla prathamā́ jagmurāsāmíndrasya yā́ḥ prasavé sasrúrā́pa:.
kvà svidágraṃ kvà budhná āsāmā́po mádhyaṃ kvà vo nūnámánta:. - The first of those waters, which issued forth at Indra's sending, went very far. Where, waters, is your beginning, where your root, where is your centre, where indeed is your termination?
- dūráṃ kíla prathamā́ jagmurāsāmíndrasya yā́ḥ prasavé sasrúrā́pa:.
- दू॒रं किल॑ प्रथ॒मा ज॑ग्मुरासा॒मिन्द्र॑स्य॒ याः प्र॑स॒वे स॒स्रुराप॑:।
Declension
[edit]Masculine a-stem declension of मध्य (mádhya) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | मध्यः mádhyaḥ |
मध्यौ / मध्या¹ mádhyau / mádhyā¹ |
मध्याः / मध्यासः¹ mádhyāḥ / mádhyāsaḥ¹ |
Vocative | मध्य mádhya |
मध्यौ / मध्या¹ mádhyau / mádhyā¹ |
मध्याः / मध्यासः¹ mádhyāḥ / mádhyāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | मध्यम् mádhyam |
मध्यौ / मध्या¹ mádhyau / mádhyā¹ |
मध्यान् mádhyān |
Instrumental | मध्येन mádhyena |
मध्याभ्याम् mádhyābhyām |
मध्यैः / मध्येभिः¹ mádhyaiḥ / mádhyebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | मध्याय mádhyāya |
मध्याभ्याम् mádhyābhyām |
मध्येभ्यः mádhyebhyaḥ |
Ablative | मध्यात् mádhyāt |
मध्याभ्याम् mádhyābhyām |
मध्येभ्यः mádhyebhyaḥ |
Genitive | मध्यस्य mádhyasya |
मध्ययोः mádhyayoḥ |
मध्यानाम् mádhyānām |
Locative | मध्ये mádhye |
मध्ययोः mádhyayoḥ |
मध्येषु mádhyeṣu |
Notes |
|
Descendants
[edit]- Dardic:
- Kashmiri: مَنٛز (manz)
- Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀫𑀛 (majha)
- Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛 (majjha)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛 (majjha)
- Paisaci Prakrit:
- Punjabi: mañjh (“middle”) (noun)
- Punjabi: maṉjhlā, majhlā (“middle, intermediate”), (adjective)
- Punjabi: mājh (“in the midst of”), (postposition)
- Punjabi: maṉjhār (“in, within”) (archaic)
- Punjabi: mājjhā (“Majha, central Punjab”)
- Pali: majjha
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛 (majjha)
- → Bengali: মধ্য (moddho)
- ⇒ Bengali: মধ্যে (moddhe)
- → Gujarati: મધ્ય (madhya)
- ⇒ Gujarati: મધ્યે (madhye)
- → Hindi: मध्य (madhya)
- → Marathi: मध्य (madhya)
- → Old Javanese: madhya
- → Punjabi: ਮੱਧ (maddh)
- → Tamil: மதிய (matiya), மதியம் (matiyam), மத்தியம் (mattiyam)
- → Telugu: మధ్య (madhya), మధ్యము (madhyamu)
References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “मध्य”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 781/3.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 303
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “mádhya”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Further reading
[edit]- Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “madhya”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
Categories:
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hindi/əd̪ʱ.jᵊ
- Rhymes:Hindi/əd̪ʱ.jᵊ/2 syllables
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi adjectives
- Hindi indeclinable adjectives
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns
- Marathi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Marathi doublets
- Marathi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Marathi terms with audio links
- Marathi lemmas
- Marathi nouns
- Marathi nouns in Devanagari script
- Marathi masculine nouns
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit masculine nouns
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- Sanskrit a-stem nouns