立つ

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Japanese

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term

Grade: 1
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese.[1] First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE. From Proto-Japonic *tatu.

Cognate with Japanese () (tatsu).

Possibly cognate with Korean 돋다 (dotda, rise; grow). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

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  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「立つ
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
立つ [táꜜtsù]
Imperative (命令形) 立て [táꜜtè]
Key constructions
Passive 立たれる たれ [tàtáréꜜrù]
Causative 立たせる たせ [tàtáséꜜrù]
Potential 立てる [tàtéꜜrù]
Volitional 立とう [tàtóꜜò]
Negative 立たない ない [tàtáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 立たなかった なかった [tàtáꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 立ちます ちま [tàchímáꜜsù]
Perfective 立った った [táꜜttà]
Conjunctive 立って って [táꜜttè]
Hypothetical conditional 立てば てば [táꜜtèbà]

Verb

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() (tatsuintransitive godan (stem () (tachi), past ()った (tatta))

Japanese verb pair
active 立てる
mediopassive 立つ
  1. to stand, to stand up, to rise
    • 2007, 新時代日漢辭典新时代日汉辞典 (Xīn Shídài Rì-hàn Cídiǎn), 1st edition, 大新書局大新书局 (Dàxīn Shūjú), →ISBN:
      (もん)(ところ)(だれ)()っている
      mon no tokoro ni dareka ga tatte iru
      Someone is standing at the gate
  2. to depart
    ()(きゅう)()
    chikyū o tatsu
    to depart from Earth
  3. to close
    • 2007, 新時代日漢辭典新时代日汉辞典 (Xīn Shídài Rì-hàn Cídiǎn), 1st edition, 大新書局大新书局 (Dàxīn Shūjú), →ISBN:
      ()()
      to ga tatsu
      the door closes
  4. of something physical but not solid or liquid: to be released, to rise
    にんにくから(かお)()
    ninniku kara kaori ga tatsu
    a good smell rises from the garlic

Conjugation

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Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Frellesvig, Bjarke, Stephen Wright Horn, et al. (eds.) (2023) “Old Japanese tat-”, in Oxford-NINJAL Corpus of Old Japanese[1]
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN