망하다

Korean

Etymology

망(亡) (mang, “ruin”, Sino-Korean morpheme) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ma̠ŋɦa̠da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [망하다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	manghada
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	manghada
McCune–Reischauer?	manghada
Yale Romanization?	manghata

Verb

망하다 • (manghada) (infinitive 망해 or 망하여, sequential 망하니) (intransitive)

1. to fail, to go under; to go broke, to go bankrupt

   Antonym: 흥(興)하다 (heunghada)

   완전히 망하다 ― wanjeonhi manghada ― to fail completely

   한국은 심각한 저출산으로 인해 몇십 년 뒤에 망하게 생겼다.

   Han'gug-eun simgakhan jeochulsan-euro inhae myeotsip nyeon dwi-e manghage saenggyeotda.

   Korea is going to perish a few decades later due to its severely low birthrate.

   • 2013 June, 유응오 [yueung'o], 이번 생은 망했다 우리 시대 고승 18인의 출가기 [ibeon saeng'eun manghaetda - uri sidae goseung 18inui chulgagi], 샘터사 [saemteosa], →ISBN:

     이번 생은 망했다 우리 시대 고승 18인의 출가기

     ibeon saeng-eun manghaetda - uri sidae goseung sip'parin-ui chulgagi

     This life time has been ruined - the journey of entering priesthood by 18 priests of our time

   • 2018 April, NN, 우리 집은 망했다 [uri jibeun manghaetda], 이색 [isaek], →ISBN:

     우리 집은 망했다.

     Uri jib-eun manghaetda.

     My family has gone under.

2. (Pyongan, Seoul, Gangwon) to be bad, to be rough, to be immoral; to not like: Unlike the Standard Korean definition, there are multiple uses of the term and can be used interchangeably with 나쁘다 (nappeuda), 싫다 (silta) and a variety of other more negative verbs.

   그 사람이 왜 이렇게 망허네? (Pyongan)

   Geu saram-i wae ireoke mangheone?

   Why is that person so bad?

   나 버스 타는 게 망해라서.

   Na beoseu taneun ge manghaeraseo.

   Because I don't like taking the bus.

   저 근너 바우 하나가 망했구나. (Gangwon, Yangyang)

   Jeo geunneo bau hana-ga manghaetguna.

   So that opposite boulder was bad.

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 망하다 (manghada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	망한다 manghanda	망해 manghae	망해요 manghaeyo	망합니다 manghamnida
	Past	망했다 manghaetda	망했어 manghaesseo	망했어요 manghaesseoyo	망했습니다 manghaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	망하느냐 manghaneunya	망해 manghae	망해요 manghaeyo	망합니까 manghamnikka
	Past	망했느냐 manghaenneunya	망했어 manghaesseo	망했어요 manghaesseoyo	망했습니까 manghaetseumnikka
Hortative		망하자 manghaja	망해 manghae	망해요 manghaeyo	망하십시다 manghasipsida
Imperative		망해라, 망하여라 manghaera, manghayeora	망해 manghae	망해요 manghaeyo	망합시오 manghapsio
Assertive		망하겠다 manghagetda	망하겠어 manghagesseo	망하겠어요 manghagesseoyo	망하겠습니다 manghagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		망해 manghae	망해서, 망하여서 manghaeseo, manghayeoseo	망하니 manghani	망하니까 manghanikka
Contrast		망하지만 manghajiman	망하는데 manghaneunde	망하더니 manghadeoni
Conjunction		망하고 manghago
Condition		망하면 manghamyeon	망해야, 망하여야 manghaeya, manghayeoya
Motive		망하려고 mangharyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		망함 mangham	망하기 manghagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		망했음, 망하였음 manghaesseum, manghayeosseum	망했기, 망하였기 manghaetgi, manghayeotgi
Determiners	Past	망한 manghan
	Present	망하는 manghaneun
	Future	망할 manghal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	망하신다 manghasinda	망하셔 manghasyeo	망하세요, 망하셔요 manghaseyo, manghasyeoyo	망하십니다 manghasimnida
	Past	망하셨다 manghasyeotda	망하셨어 manghasyeosseo	망하셨어요 manghasyeosseoyo	망하셨습니다 manghasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	망하시느냐 manghasineunya	망하셔 manghasyeo	망하세요, 망하셔요 manghaseyo, manghasyeoyo	망하십니까 manghasimnikka
	Past	망하셨느냐 manghasyeonneunya	망하셨어 manghasyeosseo	망하셨어요 manghasyeosseoyo	망하셨습니까 manghasyeotseumnikka
Imperative		망하시라 manghasira	망하셔 manghasyeo	망하세요 manghaseyo	망하십시오 manghasipsio
Assertive		망하시겠다 manghasigetda	망하시겠어 manghasigesseo	망하시겠어요 manghasigesseoyo	망하시겠습니다 manghasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		망하셔 manghasyeo	망하셔서 manghasyeoseo	망하시니 manghasini	망하시니까 manghasinikka
Contrast		망하시지만 manghasijiman	망하시는데 manghasineunde	망하시더니 manghasideoni
Conjunction		망하시고 manghasigo
Condition		망하시면 manghasimyeon	망하셔야 manghasyeoya
Motive		망하시려고 manghasiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		망하심 manghasim	망하시기 manghasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		망하셨음 manghasyeosseum	망하셨기 manghasyeotgi
Determiners	Past	망하신 manghasin
	Present	망하시는 manghasineun
	Future	망하실 manghasil