óg

See also: Appendix:Variations of "og"

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish óc (compare Scottish Gaelic òg), from Proto-Celtic *yuwankos (compare Welsh ieuanc), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yuHn̥ḱós (compare English young).

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /oːɡ/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ɔːɡ/

Adjective

óg (genitive singular masculine óig, genitive singular feminine óige, plural óga, comparative óige)

1. young
2. junior, minor
3. new, fresh, early
4. (nominalized, masculine) young person, youth
5. (nominalized, masculine) young (of animals)

Declension

Declension of óg

Positive	singular		plural
	masculine	feminine	strong noun	weak noun
nominative	óg	óg	óga
vocative	óig		óga
genitive		óige	óga	óg
dative	óg	óg; óig (archaic)	óga
Comparative	níos óige
Superlative	is óige

Derived terms

• buachaill óg (“young man; bridegroom”)
• ógánach
• ógfhear
• óige
• Tír na nÓg

Descendants

• → Fingallian: oge

Mutation

Mutated forms of óg

radical	eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
óg	n-óg	hóg	t-óg

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “óg”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Norwegian Nynorsk

Adverb

óg

1. Misspelling of òg.

Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [oːɣ]

Adjective

óg

1. whole, entire
2. untouched, intact
3. (nominalized, neuter) the whole
4. (nominalized, feminine) virgin

Declension

o/ā-stem

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	óg	óg	óg
vocative	óig* óg**
accusative	óg	óig
genitive	óig	óga, óge	óig
dative	óg	óig	óg
plural	masculine	feminine/neuter
nominative	óig	óga
vocative	ógu óga†
accusative	ógu óga†
genitive	óg
dative	ógaib

*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative
**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Descendants

• Irish: ógh
• Scottish Gaelic: òigh

Mutation

Mutation of óg

radical	lenition	nasalization
óg (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	n-óg

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “óg”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language