ćwik
Old Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Middle High German zwic.[1][2] First attested in 1399. Compare modern dialectal German Distelzwick.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ćwik m animacy unattested
- sparrowhawk trained or equipped for hunting
- 1856-1870 [1399], Antoni Zygmunt Helcel, editor, Starodawne Prawa Polskiego Pomniki[1], volume VIII, number 9314:
- Iaco krogulecz v Dobka moy byl, na ymyø czwik
- [Jako krogulec u Dobka moj był, na imię ćwik]
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965), “ćwik 2”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
- ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “ćwik I”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “ćwik”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Polish
[edit]
Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish ćwik. Noun 2 sense 1 is an extension of the first sense and from contamination from ćwiczyć.[1][2]
Noun
[edit]ćwik m animal
Declension
[edit]Declension of ćwik
Noun
[edit]ćwik m pers
Declension
[edit]Declension of ćwik
Etymology 2
[edit]Back-formation from ćwiczyć.[3] First attested in the 18th century.[4]
Noun
[edit]ćwik m inan
- (obsolete) discipline, rigor
- (obsolete, card games) type of card game popular in Poland in the 18th century
Declension
[edit]Declension of ćwik
Etymology 3
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) First attested in 1568.[5]
Noun
[edit]ćwik m animacy unattested
- (Middle Polish) bag or sack for money
Declension
[edit]Attested forms of *ćwik
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | — | — |
| genitive | -ćwika | — |
| dative | — | — |
| accusative | — | — |
| instrumental | — | — |
| locative | — | — |
| vocative | — | — |
References
[edit]- ^ Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965), “ćwik 1”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
- ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “ćwik II”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “ćwik III”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- ^ J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “ćwik”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 418
- ^ Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “2. ćwik”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
Further reading
[edit]- “ćwik”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN[2] (in Polish)
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “ćwik”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “1. ćwik”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “ĆWIK”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 30 May 2019
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “ćwik”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “ćwik”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
Silesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish ćwik.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ćwik m pers
Further reading
[edit]- ćwik in silling.org
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